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Changes in Innate Immunity and Microbiome in Different Aging Phenotypes.

L V Gankovskaya1, O A Svitich2, A V Poddubikov2

  • 1Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.

Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine
|September 28, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Centenarians with pathological aging show increased inflammatory markers and receptor gene expression. Successful aging in centenarians is linked to higher microbiome diversity and reduced inflammation.

Keywords:
NOD-like receptorsToll-like receptorscytokinesinflammagingmicrobiome

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Microbiology
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Aging phenotypes influence innate immunity and microbiome composition.
  • Nasopharyngeal mucosa is a key site for host-microbe interactions and immune surveillance.
  • Understanding aging phenotypes is crucial for identifying biomarkers of healthy aging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze innate immunity indicators and microbiome composition in centenarians with different aging phenotypes.
  • To identify potential biomarkers for distinguishing pathological from successful aging.
  • To explore the relationship between specific microbial species and inflammatory responses.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of pattern-recognizing receptor gene expression (TLR2, TLR4, NLRP3).
  • Quantification of proinflammatory cytokine gene expression (IL1B, IL18).
  • Assessment of nasopharyngeal microbiome composition and diversity.

Main Results:

  • Centenarians with pathological aging exhibited increased expression of TLR2, TLR4, NLRP3, IL1B, and IL18.
  • Centenarians with successful aging showed enhanced microbiome diversity.
  • A negative correlation was observed between Streptococcus salivarius abundance and IL1B/IL18 expression.

Conclusions:

  • Innate immunity and microbiome profiles differ significantly between pathological and successful aging phenotypes.
  • Specific microbial and immune markers may serve as biomarkers for aging phenotypes.
  • Targeting Streptococcus salivarius or modulating inflammation could be potential strategies for promoting healthy aging.