Changes in Innate Immunity and Microbiome in Different Aging Phenotypes
L V Gankovskaya1, O A Svitich2, A V Poddubikov2
1Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.
Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine
|September 28, 2024
Summary
Centenarians with pathological aging show increased inflammatory markers and receptor gene expression. Successful aging in centenarians is linked to higher microbiome diversity and reduced inflammation.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Microbiology
- Gerontology
Background:
- Aging phenotypes influence innate immunity and microbiome composition.
- Nasopharyngeal mucosa is a key site for host-microbe interactions and immune surveillance.
- Understanding aging phenotypes is crucial for identifying biomarkers of healthy aging.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze innate immunity indicators and microbiome composition in centenarians with different aging phenotypes.
- To identify potential biomarkers for distinguishing pathological from successful aging.
- To explore the relationship between specific microbial species and inflammatory responses.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of pattern-recognizing receptor gene expression (TLR2, TLR4, NLRP3).
- Quantification of proinflammatory cytokine gene expression (IL1B, IL18).
- Assessment of nasopharyngeal microbiome composition and diversity.
Main Results:
- Centenarians with pathological aging exhibited increased expression of TLR2, TLR4, NLRP3, IL1B, and IL18.
- Centenarians with successful aging showed enhanced microbiome diversity.
- A negative correlation was observed between Streptococcus salivarius abundance and IL1B/IL18 expression.
Conclusions:
- Innate immunity and microbiome profiles differ significantly between pathological and successful aging phenotypes.
- Specific microbial and immune markers may serve as biomarkers for aging phenotypes.
- Targeting Streptococcus salivarius or modulating inflammation could be potential strategies for promoting healthy aging.
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