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Updated: Jun 11, 2025

A Data-Driven Approach to Quantifying Immune States in Sepsis
07:42

A Data-Driven Approach to Quantifying Immune States in Sepsis

Published on: February 7, 2025

148

Immune cell composition and its impact on prognosis in children with sepsis

Huabin Wang1,2,3,4, Cheng Guo1,3,4, Yayan Wang1,3,4

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, China.

BMC Pediatrics
|September 28, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Elevated neutrophil to lymphocyte and platelet ratios (NLPR) in septic children indicate a higher risk of mortality. This simple blood test shows prognostic potential comparable to established scores for predicting outcomes in pediatric sepsis.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric critical care medicine
  • Immunology
  • Hematology

Background:

  • Sepsis pathogenesis involves critical immune cell responses.
  • Evaluating immune cell ratios offers prognostic insights in pediatric sepsis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the prognostic significance of various peripheral blood immune cell ratios in children with sepsis.
  • To determine the predictive value of these ratios for mortality in pediatric sepsis patients.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of clinical data from 230 septic children.
  • Calculation of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), derived NLR (dNLR), neutrophil to lymphocyte and platelet ratio (NLPR), monocyte to lymphocyte ratio (MLR), and platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR).
  • Statistical analysis using LOWESS, ROC analysis, and K-M analysis to correlate ratios with mortality.

Main Results:

  • All tested immune cell ratios, except PLR, were higher in non-survivors.
  • NLPR, NLR, MLR, and dNLR showed a linear association with in-hospital mortality.
  • NLPR demonstrated the highest AUC (0.748), comparable to the Pediatric Critical Illness Score (PCIS).
  • Elevated MLR, NLR, dNLR, and NLPR were linked to increased 30-day mortality.

Conclusions:

  • The NLPR is a potential prognostic indicator in pediatric sepsis.
  • NLPR's predictive capacity is comparable to the established PCIS.
  • Immune cell ratios offer valuable prognostic information for septic children.
Abstract

Keywords:
Immune cell ratiosPediatric sepsisPrognosis

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