Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from different medical institutions

Area of Science:

• Medical Microbiology
• Infectious Diseases
• Clinical Pharmacy

Background:

• Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a significant opportunistic pathogen.
• Antibiotic resistance in P. aeruginosa poses a major clinical challenge.
• Understanding resistance patterns is crucial for effective treatment strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the prevalence and patterns of antibiotic resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from different healthcare settings.
• To identify specific antibiotic resistance phenotypes and their association with bacterial serogroups.
• To compare resistance frequencies between general hospitals and a rehabilitation hospital.

Main Methods:

• Screening of 1,597 Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from three medical institutions.
• Antimicrobial susceptibility testing against various antibiotics.
• Phenotypic analysis of resistance to antibiotic combinations.
• Serotyping of isolates to determine serogroup prevalence.

Main Results:

• High sensitivity rates were observed for colistin (98.5%), amikacin (92.8%), and neomycin (89.4%).
• Carbenicillin sensitivity was low (43.8%).
• Rehabilitation hospital isolates exhibited twice the frequency of resistance to most antibiotics compared to general hospitals.
• Serogroup 11 was predominant (44%) and significantly associated with resistance to carbenicillin and gentamicin (61% of resistant isolates).

Conclusions:

• Antibiotic resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa is notably higher in rehabilitation settings.
• Serogroup 11 is a key serogroup associated with multidrug resistance.
• These findings underscore the need for tailored antibiotic stewardship programs and infection control measures, particularly in long-term care facilities.