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Influence of punch coating surface properties on sticking during the tableting process
Komlan Koumbogle1, François Gitzhofer1, Nicolas Abatzoglou1
1Department of Chemical and Biotechnological Engineering, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.
Pharmaceutical Development and Technology
|October 4, 2024
Summary
Punch coatings significantly impact tablet sticking. Titanium nitride (TiN) and uncoated steel showed higher sticking propensity due to increased Lewis base surface free energy component, promoting capillary adhesion. Hydrophilic surfaces favor sticking.
Area of Science:
- Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Materials Science
- Surface Chemistry
Background:
- Tablet sticking is a common issue in pharmaceutical manufacturing, affecting process efficiency and product quality.
- Understanding the surface properties of punches is crucial for preventing adhesion during tableting.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the sticking propensity of various punch coatings (Uncoated steel, CrN, ZrN, TiN, Ultracoat) during microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) tableting.
- To correlate surface properties with the observed sticking behavior.
Main Methods:
- Characterization of punch surfaces using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to determine surface roughness, surface free energy (SFE) and its components, and polar functional groups.
- Tableting of MCC on a Manesty F3 single station press with coated and uncoated punches for five hours.
Main Results:
- Titanium nitride (TiN) coated and uncoated steel punches exhibited MCC particle adhesion.
- Surface roughness was similar across all tested punches.
- A higher Lewis base SFE component (LB-comp) correlated with increased sticking, indicating stronger acid-base interactions with water molecules.
Conclusions:
- The Lewis base component of SFE is a critical factor governing punch-powder interactions and sticking.
- Hydrophilic surfaces with higher LB-comp and polar functional groups are more prone to sticking via capillary adhesion.
- Surface energy, particularly its Lewis base component, is key to predicting and mitigating tablet sticking.
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