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Comprehensive Analysis of Risk Factors and Prognostic Outcomes in Cases of Cerebral Venous and Sinus Thrombosis in a

Awais Ilyas Mohammed1, Nishanth Gejjalagere Chandrashekar2, Reemu Bansal3

  • 1General Medicine, United Lincolnshire Hospital Trust, Grantham, GBR.

Cureus
|October 7, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Cerebral venous and sinus thrombosis (CVT) predominantly affects young males, with polycythemia and oral contraceptives as key risks. Early diagnosis and treatment improve outcomes, though severe symptoms at presentation indicate a poorer prognosis.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Vascular Medicine
  • Stroke Research

Background:

  • Cerebral venous and sinus thrombosis (CVT) is a significant cause of stroke, particularly in young adults.
  • While rare, CVT is potentially curable with prompt diagnosis and effective medical intervention.
  • Identifying risk factors and outcome predictors is crucial for managing CVT patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the risk variables associated with Cerebral Venous and Sinus Thrombosis (CVT).
  • To determine the factors influencing patient outcomes in CVT.
  • To analyze demographic, symptomatic, and risk factor profiles of CVT patients.

Main Methods:

  • A two-year prospective observational study conducted in a tertiary care facility.
  • Data collection included patient demographics, symptomatology, and risk factor history.
  • The Modified Rankin Scale (mRS) assessed functional outcomes at admission and six weeks; chi-square tests compared outcomes.

Main Results:

  • 75 patients with CVT were studied; males (56%) predominated, particularly in their third decade.
  • Leading risk factors identified were polycythemia (29.3%) and oral contraceptive use (18.7%).
  • Functional independence improved from 50.7% at admission to 72% at six weeks; mortality was 1.33%.

Conclusions:

  • CVT primarily impacts younger individuals, with a slight male predominance.
  • Polycythemia and oral contraceptive pills (OCPs) are significant risk factors for CVT.
  • Altered consciousness, neurological deficits, and intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) at presentation correlate with poorer outcomes.

Keywords:
cerebral vein and sinus clottingcerebral venous and sinus thrombosiscerebral venous thrombosis (cvt)cerebrovascular accidentcontributing factorsincreased red blood cell countmrs rating

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