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Women's Work Characteristics and Fertility Expectations.
Jennifer Yarger1, Sarah R Brauner-Otto2
1University of California, San Francisco.
Population Research and Policy Review
|October 7, 2024
Summary
Work characteristics influence fertility expectations differently for mothers and non-mothers. Part-time work increases expectations for mothers but decreases them for childless women, suggesting distinct underlying mechanisms.
Area of Science:
- Sociology
- Demography
- Labor Economics
Background:
- Employment is a key social determinant of fertility.
- Limited understanding exists regarding how specific work characteristics impact fertility expectations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the association between work characteristics (part-time work, self-employment, managerial/professional roles) and fertility expectations among women.
- To explore how these associations vary by parity (number of children).
Main Methods:
- Utilized longitudinal data from the 1979 National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY) spanning over 25 years.
- Analyzed data from 4,415 women aged 18-45 using logistic regression models.
- Examined associations between work characteristics and childbearing expectations, stratified by parity.
Main Results:
- Work characteristics significantly predict fertility expectations, with effects varying by parity.
- Part-time work was associated with a 2% higher probability of expecting more children for women with one child.
- Part-time work was associated with a 2% lower probability of expecting more children for women with no children.
- Similar parity-dependent contrasts were observed for self-employment and managerial/professional occupations.
- Findings remained consistent across racial and ethnic groups.
Conclusions:
- Different mechanisms link work characteristics to fertility plans for mothers versus non-mothers.
- Role incompatibility and work-family conflict appear more influential for mothers' fertility expectations.
- Financial strain may be a more significant factor for non-mothers' fertility expectations.
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