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Pharmacy Students' Self-Reported Cultural Competence in a Pharmacy Curriculum by Academic Year
Nardine Karam1, Michelle A Amankwah1, Suzanna Gim1
1Long Island University, Arnold and Marie Schwartz College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Brooklyn, NY, USA.
American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education
|October 7, 2024
Summary
The Cultural Competency Assessment of Pharmacy Students (CCAPS) survey reveals that while most students feel culturally competent, they struggle with patients having limited English proficiency or refusing medication for cultural reasons. Annual surveys can identify curriculum gaps.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacy Education
- Cultural Competency in Healthcare
- Health Disparities
Background:
- Cultural competence is crucial for effective patient care, especially in diverse populations.
- Pharmacy curricula aim to equip students with the skills to address diverse patient needs.
- Assessing cultural competence is essential for curriculum development and improvement.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the cultural competence of pharmacy students using the CCAPS survey.
- To identify specific areas within the pharmacy curriculum that require enhancement regarding cultural competence content.
- To inform strategies for improving pharmacy education in cultural sensitivity and practice.
Main Methods:
- The 39-item Cultural Competency Assessment of Pharmacy Students (CCAPS) survey was administered to Doctor of Pharmacy (PharmD) students.
- Data was collected anonymously from July to October 2022, encompassing students from various academic years.
- Responses were aggregated and analyzed using SPSS to identify trends in self-perceived cultural competence.
Main Results:
- Over 541 students participated, representing diverse ethnic backgrounds.
- A majority of students (two-thirds) reported high levels of cultural competence, with 78% comfortable with diverse patients.
- Students demonstrated lower confidence in interacting with patients with limited English proficiency or those refusing medication due to cultural beliefs. Fourth-year students reported greater practical difficulties.
Conclusions:
- Annual administration of the CCAPS survey can effectively monitor pharmacy students' cultural competence.
- The survey results highlight specific areas for curriculum improvement, particularly concerning communication with patients facing language barriers or cultural objections to medication.
- This data-driven approach can enhance the cultural competence training within pharmacy programs.
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