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Magnetically Driven Hydrogel Surfaces for Modulating Macrophage Behavior.

Lanhui Li1,2, Els Alsema2,3, Nick R M Beijer3

  • 1Biosensors and Devices Lab, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands.

ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering
|October 9, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Magnetically actuated hydrogels (MadSurface) dynamically alter stiffness, reprogramming macrophage phenotypes. This breakthrough offers new insights into biomaterial-host interactions and programmable cell behavior modulation.

Keywords:
dynamic stiffness changemagnetic hydrogelsmodulated macrophage polarizationpulsed magnetic field

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Cellular Biology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Macrophages exhibit dynamic phenotype plasticity in response to biomaterial microenvironments.
  • Developing tools to control these microenvironmental changes is crucial for studying host responses.
  • Current hydrogel substrates pose challenges for dynamic manipulation and integrated cell culture/monitoring.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce magnetically actuated hydrogels (MadSurface) for dynamic and reversible stiffness control.
  • To investigate the programmable modulation of macrophage behavior using magnetic fields and MadSurface.
  • To explore the interplay between magnetic fields, microenvironment alterations, and macrophage phenotype shifts.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of polyacrylamide hydrogels with embedded magnetic microparticles (MadSurface).
  • Application of pulsed magnetic fields (0.1 Hz, 50 mT) to induce reversible stiffness changes.
  • Analysis of macrophage (THP-1) responses using flow cytometry and ELISA.

Main Results:

  • Dynamic stiffness modulation via pulsed magnetic fields promoted a shift towards the M2 anti-inflammatory phenotype in a subpopulation of M1-activated THP-1 cells.
  • Increased CD206 expression was observed at the single-cell level, indicating M2 polarization.
  • The observed population-level effect was limited within the study's culture period.

Conclusions:

  • MadSurface technology enables time-controllable, reversible stiffness changes in hydrogel substrates.
  • This approach provides a novel platform for investigating dynamic cell microenvironment interactions.
  • The findings advance the understanding of how magnetic fields and tunable biomaterials influence macrophage behavior.