Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Chemotaxis and Direction of Cell Migration01:21

Chemotaxis and Direction of Cell Migration

3.3K
Cells can detect chemical cues in their environment and reorganize the cytoskeleton to migrate toward them or away from them. This directional migration, called chemotaxis, is essential during embryogenesis and development, immune response, tissue repair and regeneration, and reproduction. These chemical cues can either attract or repel the cell's movement. For example, axon development is determined by a combination of chemoattractants and chemorepellents that direct the growing axon...
3.3K
Cell Migration01:09

Cell Migration

16.9K
Cell migration, the process by which cells move from one location to another, is essential for the proper development and viability of organisms throughout their life. When cells are not able to migrate properly to their ordained locations, various disorders may occur. For example, disruption in cell migration causes chronic inflammatory diseases such as arthritis.
16.9K
Cell Polarization by Rho Proteins01:21

Cell Polarization by Rho Proteins

2.7K
Cell polarity is the asymmetric distribution of cellular and membrane components, making one side of the cell different from the other. This polarity is essential to many processes such as embryogenesis, axon migration, glucose transport across epithelial cells, and directional cell migration. A migrating cell responds to intracellular or extracellular signals via molecular cascades that reorganize the actin cytoskeleton to establish this polarity. In these cells, the Rho family proteins Cdc42,...
2.7K
Overview of Cell-Matrix Interactions01:24

Overview of Cell-Matrix Interactions

7.1K
The extracellular matrix or ECM holds cells together to form a tissue and allows the cells within the tissue to communicate. ECM comprises proteins such as fibronectin, collagen, laminin, etc. The most abundant protein in this space is collagen. Collagen fibers are interwoven with carbohydrate-containing protein molecules called proteoglycans. ECM allows cell migration and provides a structural scaffold at cell adhesion that anchors the cell when the extracellular matrix proteins interact with...
7.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

A human induced pluripotent stem cell model for the holistic study of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transitions.

Nature methods·2026
Same author

Intracellular pH dynamics promotes zebrafish larval tail regeneration.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Galvanin (TMEM154) is an electric-field sensor for directed cell migration.

Cell·2026
Same author

Using tunable hydrogel microparticles to measure cellular forces.

Nature protocols·2025
Same author

Optimal bioelectric control accelerates collective wound healing.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2025
Same author

SCHEPHERD: A universal platform for high-throughput, high-resolution, and programmable control of cell behavior through bioelectric stimulation.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 11, 2025

Utilizing Custom-designed Galvanotaxis Chambers to Study Directional Migration of Prostate Cells
08:45

Utilizing Custom-designed Galvanotaxis Chambers to Study Directional Migration of Prostate Cells

Published on: December 7, 2014

9.1K

Galvanin (TMEM154) is an electric-field sensor for directed cell migration.

Nathan M Belliveau1, Matthew J Footer1, Amy Platenkamp1

  • 1Department of Biology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.

Biorxiv : the Preprint Server for Biology
|October 10, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Scientists discovered Galvanin, a protein essential for neutrophils to sense electric fields and migrate towards wounds. This finding reveals a new mechanism for directed cell movement in immune responses.

More Related Videos

A Galvanotaxis Assay for Analysis of Neural Precursor Cell Migration Kinetics in an Externally Applied Direct Current Electric Field
11:00

A Galvanotaxis Assay for Analysis of Neural Precursor Cell Migration Kinetics in an Externally Applied Direct Current Electric Field

Published on: October 13, 2012

12.5K
Electric Field-controlled Directed Migration of Neural Progenitor Cells in 2D and 3D Environments
11:15

Electric Field-controlled Directed Migration of Neural Progenitor Cells in 2D and 3D Environments

Published on: February 16, 2012

11.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 11, 2025

Utilizing Custom-designed Galvanotaxis Chambers to Study Directional Migration of Prostate Cells
08:45

Utilizing Custom-designed Galvanotaxis Chambers to Study Directional Migration of Prostate Cells

Published on: December 7, 2014

9.1K
A Galvanotaxis Assay for Analysis of Neural Precursor Cell Migration Kinetics in an Externally Applied Direct Current Electric Field
11:00

A Galvanotaxis Assay for Analysis of Neural Precursor Cell Migration Kinetics in an Externally Applied Direct Current Electric Field

Published on: October 13, 2012

12.5K
Electric Field-controlled Directed Migration of Neural Progenitor Cells in 2D and 3D Environments
11:15

Electric Field-controlled Directed Migration of Neural Progenitor Cells in 2D and 3D Environments

Published on: February 16, 2012

11.7K

Area of Science:

  • Cell biology
  • Biophysics
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Directed cell migration is crucial for immune responses to injury and infection.
  • Endogenous electric fields guide immune and skin cells to wound sites.
  • The precise mechanisms of cellular electrotaxis remain largely unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify the molecular mechanisms by which neutrophils sense and respond to electric fields.
  • To characterize the role of newly identified proteins in directed cell migration.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a CRISPR-based genetic screen to identify key proteins involved in neutrophil electrotaxis.
  • Investigated the localization and function of the identified protein, Galvanin, using live-cell imaging and electrophysiological techniques.

Main Results:

  • Identified Galvanin, a novel single-pass transmembrane protein, as essential for human neutrophil directional change in response to electric fields.
  • Demonstrated that Galvanin rapidly relocalizes to the anodal side of neutrophils upon electric field exposure.
  • Showed that the net charge of Galvanin's extracellular domain drives its electric field-induced relocalization and subsequent changes in cell protrusion and retraction patterns.

Conclusions:

  • Galvanin acts as a direct sensor of electric fields, translating electrical environmental cues into directed cell migration.
  • This sensor relocalization mechanism represents a new paradigm for directed cell migration, particularly in immune cell responses.
  • Understanding Galvanin's function opens new avenues for modulating immune cell trafficking and wound healing.