Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

X-ray Diffraction of Biological Samples01:10

X-ray Diffraction of Biological Samples

3.8K
X-ray diffraction or XRD is an analytical tool that utilizes X-rays to study ordered structures such as crystalline organic and inorganic samples, polycrystalline materials, proteins, carbohydrates, and drugs.
According to Bragg's law, when X-rays strike the sample positioned on a stage, the rays are  scattered by the electron clouds around the sample atoms. The  X-ray diffraction or scattering is caused by constructive interference of the X-ray waves that reflect off the internal...
3.8K
X-ray Crystallography02:18

X-ray Crystallography

23.8K
The size of the unit cell and the arrangement of atoms in a crystal may be determined from measurements of the diffraction of X-rays by the crystal, termed X-ray crystallography.
Diffraction
Diffraction is the change in the direction of travel experienced by an electromagnetic wave when it encounters a physical barrier whose dimensions are comparable to those of the wavelength of the light. X-rays are electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths about as long as the distance between neighboring...
23.8K
Crystal Field Theory - Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes02:46

Crystal Field Theory - Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes

41.7K
Tetrahedral Complexes
Crystal field theory (CFT) is applicable to molecules in geometries other than octahedral. In octahedral complexes, the lobes of the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals point directly at the ligands. For tetrahedral complexes, the d orbitals remain in place, but with only four ligands located between the axes. None of the orbitals points directly at the tetrahedral ligands. However, the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals (along the Cartesian axes) overlap with the ligands less than the dxy,...
41.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Making symmetry visible: an interactive visualizer for teaching crystallography.

Acta crystallographica. Section C, Structural chemistry·2026
Same author

Visualizing and teaching crystallographic symmetry using Jmol.

Acta crystallographica. Section C, Structural chemistry·2026
Same author

Three polytypes of lapachol, a natural pigment with promising pharmacological properties. Corrigendum.

Acta crystallographica Section B, Structural science, crystal engineering and materials·2026
Same author

Three polytypes of lapachol, a natural pigment with promising pharmacological properties.

Acta crystallographica Section B, Structural science, crystal engineering and materials·2025
Same author

Anisotropic Proton Conductivity in Ln<sup>III</sup>-M<sup>II</sup> MOFs Mediated by Water Molecules: Experimental and Computational Insights.

Inorganic chemistry·2025
Same author

Complete online database of maximal subgroups of subperiodic groups at the Bilbao Crystallographic Server.

Journal of applied crystallography·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 11, 2025

Author Spotlight: Exploring Cellular Processes by Modeling Ligands in Cryo-EM Maps
09:30

Author Spotlight: Exploring Cellular Processes by Modeling Ligands in Cryo-EM Maps

Published on: July 19, 2024

1.2K

Free tools for crystallographic symmetry handling and visualization.

Gemma de la Flor1, Mois I Aroyo2, Ilaria Gimondi3

  • 1Institute of Applied Geosciences Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Karlsruhe Germany.

Journal of Applied Crystallography
|October 10, 2024
PubMed
Summary

This study highlights free online tools for teaching crystallography, enhancing student learning through interactive symmetry handling and visualization. These resources improve accessibility and engagement in both virtual and traditional educational settings.

Keywords:
Bilbao Crystallographic ServerCambridge Structural DatabaseJmol/JSmolVESTAsymmetry visualization

More Related Videos

X-Ray Crystallography to Study the Oligomeric State Transition of the Thermotoga maritima M42 Aminopeptidase TmPep1050
11:27

X-Ray Crystallography to Study the Oligomeric State Transition of the Thermotoga maritima M42 Aminopeptidase TmPep1050

Published on: May 13, 2020

3.9K
Derivatization of Protein Crystals with I3C using Random Microseed Matrix Screening
14:04

Derivatization of Protein Crystals with I3C using Random Microseed Matrix Screening

Published on: January 16, 2021

4.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 11, 2025

Author Spotlight: Exploring Cellular Processes by Modeling Ligands in Cryo-EM Maps
09:30

Author Spotlight: Exploring Cellular Processes by Modeling Ligands in Cryo-EM Maps

Published on: July 19, 2024

1.2K
X-Ray Crystallography to Study the Oligomeric State Transition of the Thermotoga maritima M42 Aminopeptidase TmPep1050
11:27

X-Ray Crystallography to Study the Oligomeric State Transition of the Thermotoga maritima M42 Aminopeptidase TmPep1050

Published on: May 13, 2020

3.9K
Derivatization of Protein Crystals with I3C using Random Microseed Matrix Screening
14:04

Derivatization of Protein Crystals with I3C using Random Microseed Matrix Screening

Published on: January 16, 2021

4.6K

Area of Science:

  • Crystallography education
  • Educational technology
  • Materials science

Background:

  • Innovative teaching methods and online resources are transforming education.
  • Interactive tools offer flexible learning beyond traditional classrooms.
  • Crystallography education can benefit from digital resources.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss free online resources for fundamental crystallography courses.
  • To highlight tools for crystallographic symmetry handling and visualization.
  • To demonstrate the utility of these resources with examples.

Main Methods:

  • Review of available free online crystallography resources.
  • Detailed discussion of four specific tools: Bilbao Crystallographic Server, Cambridge Structural Database, VESTA, and Jmol.
  • Illustrative examples showcasing resource application.

Main Results:

  • A variety of free online resources exist for crystallography.
  • The Bilbao Crystallographic Server, Cambridge Structural Database, VESTA, and Jmol are valuable tools.
  • These resources effectively aid in understanding crystallographic symmetry and visualization.

Conclusions:

  • Free online resources significantly enhance crystallography education.
  • Interactive tools improve student engagement and learning flexibility.
  • The discussed resources are practical for various academic levels and curricula.