Assessing Near-Infrared Optical Tomography's Depth Capability in Imaging Brain Vessels: An Experimental Study

Advanced brain vessel imaging is crucial for diagnosing and treating brain-related conditions such as lesions and strokes, ultimately enhancing brain health. Among the range of cerebrovascular imaging modalities, near-infrared optical tomography (NIROT) stands out for its cost-effectiveness and brain oxygenation quantification. The objective of this project, as a continuation of our prior simulation study, is to evaluate in vitro the Pioneer system for imaging blood vessels. An experimental study was performed on a silicon phantom with a tube inclusion mimicking the superficial blood vessels at a depth of 5 mm. The experiment employed a time domain (TD) NIROT called Pioneer system. Image reconstruction was performed using the obtained TD data. We used root mean square error (RMSE) to evaluate the accuracy of the reconstructed images. We were able to detect the location and structure of the tube with a RMSE of 0.0285. This experimental study showed that the TD NIROT Pioneer system can detect vessel-like inclusion at the depth of 5 mm.