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Interoception, sensing internal body signals, is crucial for emotions. Understanding its dimensions and clinical links offers new therapeutic targets for emotional disorders.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychology
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Interoception, the awareness of internal bodily states, is increasingly recognized as a core component of emotional experience.
  • Emotion theories integrate interoception with cognitive appraisal processes influenced by external context.
  • Interoception encompasses signal nature, sensing accuracy, neural processing, and higher-order interpretation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review empirical evidence on the dimensions of interoception.
  • To elucidate the role of these dimensions in shaping emotional experiences.
  • To examine interoceptive alterations in clinical disorders with emotional dysregulation.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature search of empirical studies on interoception and emotion.
  • Analysis of research investigating interoceptive dimensions (afferent signals, accuracy, neural processing, interpretation).
  • Review of clinical studies linking interoceptive changes to psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders.

Main Results:

  • Empirical data support the multifaceted nature of interoception and its direct influence on emotional states.
  • Distinct interoceptive profiles are associated with conditions like anxiety, depression, schizophrenia, PTSD, EUPD, and autism.
  • Altered interoception is a common biomarker across various emotional disorders.

Conclusions:

  • Interoception is a fundamental mechanism underlying emotional processing and experience.
  • Understanding interoceptive dimensions provides a framework for investigating emotional dysregulation.
  • Targeting interoceptive mechanisms holds therapeutic potential for a range of psychiatric conditions.