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Related Concept Videos

Spin–Spin Coupling: Two-Bond Coupling (Geminal Coupling)01:20

Spin–Spin Coupling: Two-Bond Coupling (Geminal Coupling)

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Two NMR-active nuclei bonded to a central atom can be involved in geminal or two-bond coupling. Geminal coupling is commonly seen between diastereotopic protons in chiral molecules and unsymmetrical alkenes, among others.
The central atom need not be NMR-active because its electrons are affected by the electron polarization of the spin-active atoms. However, spin information is transmitted less effectively than in one-bond coupling, and 2J values are usually weaker than 1J values. The energy of...
977
Spin–Spin Coupling Constant: Overview01:08

Spin–Spin Coupling Constant: Overview

891
In bromoethane, the three methyl protons are coupled to the two methylene protons that are three bonds away. In accordance with the n+1 rule, the signal from the methyl protons is split into three peaks with 1:2:1 relative intensities. The methylene protons appear as a quartet, with the relative intensities of 1:3:3:1.
Qualitatively, any spin plus-half nucleus polarizes the spins of its electrons to the minus-half state. Consequently, the paired electron in the hydrogen–carbon bond must...
891
Spin–Spin Coupling: One-Bond Coupling01:17

Spin–Spin Coupling: One-Bond Coupling

949
Coupling interactions are strongest between NMR-active nuclei bonded to each other, where spin information can be transmitted directly through the pair of bonding electrons. While nuclei polarize their electrons to the opposite spins, the bonding electron pair has opposite spins. Configurations with antiparallel nuclear spins are expected to be lower in energy. When coupling makes antiparallel states more favorable, J is considered to have a positive value. The one-bond coupling constant, 1J,...
949
Spin–Spin Coupling: Three-Bond Coupling (Vicinal Coupling)01:22

Spin–Spin Coupling: Three-Bond Coupling (Vicinal Coupling)

1.0K
Vicinal or three-bond coupling is commonly observed between protons attached to adjacent carbons. Here, nuclear spin information is primarily transferred via electron spin interactions between adjacent C‑H bond orbitals. This generally favors the antiparallel arrangement of spins, so 3J values are usually positive.
The extent of coupling depends on the C‑C bond length, the two H‑C‑C angles, any electron-withdrawing substituents, and the dihedral angle between the...
1.0K
NMR Spectroscopy: Spin–Spin Coupling01:08

NMR Spectroscopy: Spin–Spin Coupling

1.3K
The spin state of an NMR-active nucleus can have a slight effect on its immediate electronic environment. This effect propagates through the intervening bonds and affects the electronic environments of NMR-active nuclei up to three bonds away; occasionally, even farther. This phenomenon is called spin–spin coupling or J-coupling. Coupling interactions are mutual and result in small changes in the absorption frequencies of both nuclei involved. While nuclei of the same element are involved...
1.3K
¹H NMR Signal Multiplicity: Splitting Patterns01:13

¹H NMR Signal Multiplicity: Splitting Patterns

5.0K
When protons A and X are coupled, their nuclear spin energy levels are slightly modified. This is because the energy required to excite proton A to a spin state parallel to proton X is slightly different from the energy required for it to become anti-parallel to spin X. Consequently, there are two possible excitation frequencies for A (A1 and A2), depending on the spin state of X, and vice versa. The mutual nature of coupling implies that the difference between frequencies A1 and A2, indicated...
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Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform
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P-wave Pairing Near a Spin-Split Josephson Junction.

Rubén Seoane Souto1, Dushko Kuzmanovski2, Ignacio Sardinero3,4,5

  • 1Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM-CSIC), Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3, 28049 Madrid, Spain.

Journal of Low Temperature Physics
|October 21, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

In spin-split superconductors, a Josephson junction exhibits a ground-state transition due to Andreev bound states. This transition suppresses supercurrent, indicating a shift towards p-wave pairing.

Keywords:
Andreev bound statesJosephson junctionSpin-split superconductorsSupercurrentp-Wave pairing

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Quantum Materials

Background:

  • Superconductivity and magnetism are competing phenomena that can coexist, leading to novel quantum behaviors.
  • Their interplay can induce exotic electron pairing mechanisms and topological phases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate the properties of a Josephson junction formed by two spin-split superconductors.
  • Understand the role of Andreev bound states in the junction's behavior.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical study of a Josephson junction with spin-split superconductors.
  • Analysis of Andreev bound states and their energy levels.
  • Examination of pairing channels and noise spectrum.

Main Results:

  • A ground-state transition occurs when an Andreev bound state crosses the Fermi level, causing a suppressed supercurrent.
  • This supercurrent blockade is attributed to the dominance of p-wave pairing near the junction.
  • P-wave pairing is favored with parallel magnetization and suppressed with anti-parallel magnetization.
  • The noise spectrum reveals signatures of the ground-state transition via elevated zero-frequency noise.

Conclusions:

  • The study reveals a novel ground-state transition in spin-split superconductor Josephson junctions.
  • The findings highlight the importance of p-wave pairing in these systems.
  • The results offer insights into controlling and understanding exotic quantum phenomena in hybrid superconductor systems.