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Factors affecting the syncopal episodes in pediatric vasovagal syncope
Summary
Female sex, older age, and higher weight are risk factors for pediatric vasovagal syncope (VVS) episodes. Sublingual nitroglycerin head-up tilt test (SNHUT) may reduce syncope frequency.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Cardiology
- Autonomic Nervous System Disorders
- Clinical Medicine
Background:
- Vasovagal syncope (VVS) is a common cause of syncope in children.
- Understanding factors influencing VVS episodes is crucial for effective management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify clinical and hemodynamic factors associated with syncopal episodes in pediatric VVS.
- To determine independent risk and protective factors for recurrent syncope in children.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 2908 children diagnosed with VVS.
- Examination of relationships between age, sex, anthropometrics, heart rate, blood pressure, hemodynamic type, and head-up tilt test (HUTT) mode.
- Statistical analysis including univariate and multivariate models.
Main Results:
- Significant differences in sex, age, height, weight, heart rate, blood pressure, hemodynamic type, and HUTT mode were observed.
- Independent risk factors for syncope included female sex, older age, higher weight, VVS-cardioinhibited (VVS-CI) type, and VVS-mixed (VVS-M) type.
- Sublingual nitroglycerin HUTT (SNHUT) was identified as a protective factor, reducing syncope episodes.
Conclusions:
- Female sex, advanced age, increased weight, VVS-CI, and VVS-M are independent risk factors for syncopal episodes in pediatric VVS.
- SNHUT is an independent protective factor against syncopal episodes, suggesting its utility in management.
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