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A human cadaveric model for venous air embolism detection tool development
Nathaniel L Robinson1, Chris Marcellino2,3, Matthew Johnston2
1Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America.
Plos One
|October 21, 2024
Summary
A human cadaver model was developed to detect venous air emboli (VAE) using mechanical ventilation and modified bypass. This approach aids in developing monitoring technologies while reducing animal and human testing.
Area of Science:
- Cardiopulmonary bypass
- Medical simulation
Background:
- Venous air emboli (VAE) detection is critical during surgery.
- Current detection methods require further development for automated systems.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a human cadaveric model for investigating automated detection of VAE.
- To combine mechanical ventilation with modified cardiopulmonary bypass for VAE simulation.
Main Methods:
- A reversed-flow cardiopulmonary bypass circuit was established in a cadaver.
- Normal saline was circulated through the heart and lungs.
- Cannulation involved the aorta (venous) and inferior vena cava (arterial).
Main Results:
- Preliminary detection of VAE was achieved independently by ventilation and bypass.
- Pulmonary edema in the cadaver limited simultaneous detection.
- Feasible air signal detection was confirmed with both limited and radical dissections.
Conclusions:
- A cadaveric model provides a viable platform for developing VAE monitoring technologies.
- This model reduces the need for animal and human testing in early-stage research.
