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Multicenter Hemodynamic Assessment of the LOT-CRT Strategy: When Does Combining Left Bundle Branch Pacing and
Marek Jastrzębski1, Paul Foley2, Badrinathan Chandrasekaran2
1First Department of Cardiology, Interventional Electrocardiology and Hypertension, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Krakow, Poland (M.J.).
Insights
Left bundle branch area pacing (LBBAP) and biventricular pacing (BVP) offer cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) benefits. Left bundle-optimized therapy CRT (LOT-CRT) and BVP show greater hemodynamic improvement than LBBAP in advanced conduction disease.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Electrophysiology
- Cardiac Pacing
Background:
- Left bundle branch area pacing (LBBAP) is a potential alternative to biventricular pacing (BVP) for cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT).
- This study compares LBBAP, BVP, and left bundle-optimized therapy CRT (LOT-CRT) in patients with advanced conduction disease.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the acute hemodynamic and electrocardiogram (ECG) effects of LBBAP, BVP, and LOT-CRT.
- To evaluate these pacing strategies in candidates for CRT with advanced conduction disease.
Main Methods:
- A multicenter study involving 48 patients with interventricular conduction delay or left bundle branch block.
- Acute hemodynamic testing measured changes in left ventricular pressure maximal first derivative (LV dP/dtmax) from baseline atrial pacing.
Main Results:
- LOT-CRT and BVP demonstrated significantly greater increases in LV dP/dtmax compared to unipolar or bipolar LBBAP.
- LOT-CRT achieved greater QRS shortening than LBBAP and BVP.
- Patients with wider QRS duration or deep septal pacing capture benefited more from LOT-CRT.
Conclusions:
- LOT-CRT and BVP provide superior acute hemodynamic benefits over LBBAP in CRT candidates with advanced conduction disease.
- The addition of a left ventricular coronary vein lead for LOT-CRT is most beneficial for patients with wider QRS or deep septal pacing.
Background:
Left bundle branch area pacing (LBBAP) may be an alternative to biventricular pacing (BVP) for cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT). We sought to compare the acute hemodynamic and ECG effects of LBBAP, BVP, and left bundle-optimized therapy CRT (LOT-CRT) in CRT candidates with advanced conduction disease.
Methods:
In this multicenter study, 48 patients with either nonspecific interventricular conduction delay (n=29) or left bundle branch block (n=19) underwent acute hemodynamic testing to determine the change in left ventricular pressure maximal first derivative (LV dP/dtmax) from baseline atrial pacing to BVP, LBBAP, or LOT-CRT.
Results:
Atrioventricular-optimized increases in LV dP/dtmax for LOT-CRT (mean, 25.8% [95% CI, 20.9%-30.7%]) and BVP (26.4% [95% CI, 20.2%-32.6%]) were greater than unipolar LBBAP (19.3% [95% CI, 15.0%-23.7%]) or bipolar LBBAP (16.4% [95% CI, 12.7%-20.0%]; P≤0.005). QRS shortening was greater in LOT-CRT (29.5 [95% CI, 23.4-35.6] ms) than unipolar LBBAP (11.9 [95% CI, 6.1-17.7] ms), bipolar LBBAP (11.7 ms [95% CI, 6.4-17.0]), or BVP (18.5 [95% CI, 11.0-25.9] ms), all P≤0.005. Compared with patients with left bundle branch block, patients with interventricular conduction delay experienced less QRS reduction (P=0.026) but similar improvements in LV dP/dtmax (P=0.29). Bipolar LBBAP caused anodal capture in 54% of patients and resulted in less LV dP/dtmax improvement than unipolar LBBAP (18.6% versus 23.7%; P<0.001). Subclassification of LBBAP capture (European Heart Rhythm Association criteria) indicated LBBAP or LV septal pacing in 27 patients (56%) and deep septal pacing in 21 patients (44%). The hemodynamic benefit of adding left ventricular coronary vein pacing to LBBAP depended on baseline QRS duration (P=0.031) and success of LBBAP (P<0.004): LOT-CRT provided 14.5% (5.0%-24.1%) greater LV dP/dtmax improvement and 20.8 (12.8-28.8) ms greater QRS shortening than LBBAP in subjects with QRS ≥171 ms and deep septal pacing capture type.
Conclusions:
In a CRT cohort with advanced conduction disease, LOT-CRT and BVP provided greater acute hemodynamic benefit than LBBAP. Subjects with wider QRS or deep septal pacing are more likely to benefit from the addition of a left ventricular coronary vein lead to implement LOT-CRT.
Registration:
URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifier: NCT04905290.
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