Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Instrumentation Amplifier

Instrumentation Amplifier

An electrocardiography (ECG) machine is an essential piece of medical equipment used to monitor the electrical activity of the heart. It operates by detecting small electrical changes on the skin that result from the depolarization of the heart muscle during each heartbeat. However, these signals are in the microvolt range and can be easily overwhelmed by noise or interference.
To overcome this challenge, an ECG machine utilizes an instrumentation amplifier. This specialized amplifier is...

Integrator and Differentiator

Integrator and Differentiator

Op-amp circuits have significant applications in various fields, including automotive engineering. One such application is cruise control systems in cars, where op-amp circuits are integral for maintaining a constant speed. In these systems, op-amps function as both integrators and differentiators.
An integrator within an op-amp circuit produces an output directly proportional to the integral of the input signal. This is achieved by replacing the feedback resistor in a typical inverting...

Impedance Combination

Impedance Combination

Consider a string of christmas lights, each bulb symbolizing an impedance element. In this series configuration, the flow of electric current remains uniform across every component. This behavior aligns with Kirchhoff's Voltage Law (KVL), which asserts that the total impedance in such a setup equals the sum of individual impedances—akin to resistors in series. It follows that the voltage from the power source is distributed proportionally among these components, adhering to the...

Design Example: Capacitance Multiplier Circuit

Design Example: Capacitance Multiplier Circuit

In integrated circuit technology, a capacitance multiplier is often utilized to produce a larger capacitance value when a small physical capacitance falls short. This is achieved by a circuit that multiplies capacitance values by a factor of up to 1000, such that a 10-pF capacitor can replicate the performance of a 100-nF capacitor.
The circuit illustrated in Figure 1 below incorporates two op-amps, with the first operating as a voltage follower and the second acting as an inverting amplifier.

Reconstruction of Signal using Interpolation

Reconstruction of Signal using Interpolation

Signal processing techniques are essential for accurately converting continuous signals to digital formats and vice versa. When a continuous signal is sampled with a period T, the resulting sampled signal exhibits replicas of the original spectrum in the frequency domain, spaced at intervals equal to the sampling frequency. To handle this sampled signal, a zero-order hold method can be applied, which creates a piecewise constant signal by retaining each sample's value until the next...

Operational Amplifiers

Operational Amplifiers

The operational amplifier, often referred to as an op-amp, is a multifaceted building block of a circuit. This electronic component functions like a voltage-controlled voltage source and can also be used to create a voltage- or current-controlled current source. The design of an operational amplifier enables it to execute mathematical operations when external components like resistors and capacitors are linked to its terminals. An op-amp has the capacity to sum signals, amplify a signal,...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Thermally Coupled NTC Chip Thermistors: Their Properties and Applications.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2024

Same author

Anthropomorphic Robotic Eyes: Structural Design and Non-Verbal Communication Effectiveness.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2022

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 9, 2025

Construction of a Wireless-Enabled Endoscopically Implantable Sensor for pH Monitoring with Zero-Bias Schottky Diode-based Receiver

Construction of a Wireless-Enabled Endoscopically Implantable Sensor for pH Monitoring with Zero-Bias Schottky Diode-based Receiver

Published on: August 27, 2021

Integrated Precision High-Frequency Signal Conditioner for Variable Impedance Sensors.

Miodrag Brkić¹, Jelena Radić¹, Kalman Babković¹

¹Faculty of Technical Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 6, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)

|October 26, 2024

Summary

This study presents a novel integrated signal conditioner for variable impedance sensors, specifically designed for inductive linear displacement sensors. The conditioner enables precise, real-time impedance magnitude measurement for fast sensors with low output impedance.

Keywords:

CMOS technology sensors signal conditioning

More Related Videos

Voltage Biasing, Cyclic Voltammetry, & Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy for Neural Interfaces

Voltage Biasing, Cyclic Voltammetry, & Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy for Neural Interfaces

Published on: February 24, 2012

Design and Characterization Methodology for Efficient Wide Range Tunable MEMS Filters

Design and Characterization Methodology for Efficient Wide Range Tunable MEMS Filters

Published on: February 4, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 9, 2025

Construction of a Wireless-Enabled Endoscopically Implantable Sensor for pH Monitoring with Zero-Bias Schottky Diode-based Receiver

Construction of a Wireless-Enabled Endoscopically Implantable Sensor for pH Monitoring with Zero-Bias Schottky Diode-based Receiver

Published on: August 27, 2021

Voltage Biasing, Cyclic Voltammetry, & Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy for Neural Interfaces

Voltage Biasing, Cyclic Voltammetry, & Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy for Neural Interfaces

Published on: February 24, 2012

Design and Characterization Methodology for Efficient Wide Range Tunable MEMS Filters

Design and Characterization Methodology for Efficient Wide Range Tunable MEMS Filters

Published on: February 4, 2018

Area of Science:

Electrical Engineering
Sensor Technology
Integrated Circuit Design

Background:

Variable impedance sensors are crucial for various applications, requiring accurate signal conditioning.
Existing solutions may lack the precision, speed, or integration necessary for advanced sensor systems.

Purpose of the Study:

To design and simulate an integrated signal conditioner for variable impedance sensors.
To enable real-time impedance magnitude measurement for fast sensors.
To achieve a low-cost, compact, and power-efficient solution.

Main Methods:

A discrete realization of a signal conditioner for an inductive linear displacement sensor was developed.
An integrated conditioner was proposed, comprising an amplifier, tunable band-pass filter, and AC-DC converter.
The conditioner measures impedance magnitude using a simplified vector measurement of sensor voltage and current.

Main Results:

The integrated conditioner demonstrates an inductance measurement range of 10 nH to 550 nH with 1.2% nonlinearity.
The design operates at 8 MHz but is adjustable to other frequencies via the tunable filter.
The integrated circuit (IC) occupies 500 × 330 μm² and consumes 93.8 mW.

Conclusions:

The proposed integrated signal conditioner meets the requirements for real-time measurement of fast, low-impedance sensors.
The low-cost CMOS design offers a versatile and efficient solution for variable impedance sensing applications.
Simulation results validate the performance and potential of the developed IC.