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Melissa officinalis Regulates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced BV2 Microglial Activation via MAPK and Nrf2 Signaling

Ji-Won Choi1, Sang Yoon Choi1, Guijae Yoo1

  • 1Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-Gun, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Republic of Korea.

Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
|October 28, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Melissa officinalis extract reduces neuroinflammation by inhibiting microglial activation and enhancing antioxidant defenses. This suggests potential therapeutic benefits for neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Pharmacology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Neuroinflammation and microglial activation are key factors in neurodegenerative diseases.
  • Targeting microglial activation may offer a strategy to slow disease progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of Melissa officinalis ethanol extract on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced microglial activation.
  • To elucidate the underlying mechanisms of action, including inflammatory and antioxidant pathways.

Main Methods:

  • BV2 microglial cells were treated with LPS and Melissa officinalis extract.
  • Assays included MTT for viability, Griess reagent for nitric oxide (NO), qPCR for cytokines, and western blot/immunofluorescence for signaling pathways (MAPK, TLR4, NF-κB) and antioxidant markers (Nrf2, HO-1, catalase, SOD2).
  • High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) quantified rosmarinic acid content.

Main Results:

  • Melissa officinalis extract significantly inhibited LPS-induced NO production and reduced inflammatory cytokine expression.
  • The extract downregulated key inflammatory mediators (iNOS, COX-2, TLR4, NF-κB, MAPK pathways) and upregulated antioxidant markers (Nrf2, HO-1, catalase, SOD2).

Conclusions:

  • Melissa officinalis ethanol extract demonstrates neuroprotective properties by modulating neuroinflammation and bolstering antioxidant capacity.
  • These findings highlight its potential as a therapeutic agent for neurodegenerative diseases linked to inflammation.
Keywords:
BV2 microgliaMelissa officinalisNrf2TLR4neurodegenerative diseaseneuroinflammation

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