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Basolateral Mechanics Prevents Rigidity Transition in Epithelial Monolayers.

Jan Rozman1, Matej Krajnc2, Primož Ziherl2,3

  • 1University of Oxford, Rudolf Peierls Centre for Theoretical Physics, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Three-dimensional models reveal how lateral surface tension impacts epithelial tissue mechanics. Unlike 2D models, 3D simulations show tissues remain solidlike, unaffected by cell perimeter changes.

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Area of Science:

  • Cell biology
  • Biophysics
  • Tissue mechanics

Background:

  • Epithelial tissue mechanics are crucial for development and disease.
  • Current models often simplify tissue structure, neglecting basolateral forces.
  • Actomyosin networks at the apical surface are key but incomplete.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of lateral surface tension in epithelial tissue mechanics.
  • To compare three-dimensional (3D) modeling with traditional two-dimensional (2D) approaches.
  • To understand how cell shape and tension influence tissue structure and rigidity.

Main Methods:

  • Development and application of a detailed 3D computational model.
  • Simulation of epithelial tissues with varying lateral surface tensions.
  • Analysis of cell apicobasal asymmetry and tissue rigidity across different parameters.

Main Results:

  • Cells exhibit apicobasal asymmetry influenced by apical perimeter.
  • Lateral surface tension significantly affects tissue structure and order.
  • The 3D model predicts tissues remain solidlike, unlike 2D models predicting a rigidity transition.

Conclusions:

  • Basolateral mechanics and lateral surface tension are critical for accurate epithelial tissue modeling.
  • 3D models provide a more comprehensive understanding of tissue rigidity than 2D models.
  • Cellular asymmetry is a key feature modulated by tissue-level forces.