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Related Concept Videos

Types of Step-Growth Polymers: Polyesters01:20

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The introduction of polyesters has brought major development to the textile industry. The wrinkle-free behavior of polyester blends has eliminated the need for starching and ironing clothes.
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The word polymer is derived from the Greek words “poly” which means “many” and “mer” which means “parts”. Polymers are long chains of molecules composed of repeating units of smaller molecules, known as monomers. They either occur naturally, such as DNA and proteins, or can be constructed synthetically, like plastics. They have varied structural characteristics, such as linear chains, branched chains, or complex networks, that contribute to the...
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Microorganisms play a pivotal role in maintaining ecosystem balance by recycling essential elements such as carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus, as well as supporting processes like bioremediation, wastewater treatment, and biofuel production.Microbes in Elemental CyclesIn the carbon cycle, microorganisms decompose organic matter, releasing carbon dioxide via aerobic respiration. This carbon dioxide is subsequently used by photosynthetic organisms to synthesize organic compounds, closing the...
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Bioremediation is the use of prokaryotes, fungi, or plants to remove pollutants from the environment. This process has been used to remove harmful toxins in groundwater as a byproduct of agricultural run-off and also to clean up oil spills.
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Polymer Classification: Architecture01:14

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Polymers are classified as linear or branched on the basis of their chain architecture. The polymer chains in linear polymers have a long chain-like structure with minimal to no branching at all. Even if a polymer features large substituent groups on the monomer, which appear as branches to the skeleton, it is not considered a branched polymer. A branched polymer contains secondary polymer chains that arise from the main polymer chain. The branching occurs when the polymer growth shifts from...
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Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:20

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The polymerization process that involves carbanion as an intermediate is called anionic polymerization. It is also a type of addition or chain-growth polymerization. Anionic polymerization gets initiated by a strong nucleophile such as an organolithium or a Grignard reagent. The most commonly used initiator for anionic polymerization is butyl lithium. Monomers involved in anionic polymerization must possess a vinyl group bonded to one or two electron-withdrawing groups. For instance,...
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Updated: Jun 7, 2025

Designed for Molecular Recycling: A Lignin-Derived Semi-aromatic Biobased Polymer
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Bio-Based and Biodegradable Polymeric Materials for a Circular Economy.

Víctor Oliver-Cuenca1, Valentina Salaris1, Pedro Francisco Muñoz-Gimena1

  • 1Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros, ICTP-CSIC, Calle Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain.

Polymers
|November 9, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review explores sustainable polymers, focusing on biodegradable and bio-based materials. Strategies like blending and nanocomposites enhance their properties for eco-friendly applications, crucial for a circular economy.

Keywords:
bio-based polymersbiodegradable polymerscircular economydegradationnanocompositesnanoparticlesnatural polymersplasticizersprocessingrevalorizationsustainable polymers

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Environmental Science

Background:

  • Global plastic pollution necessitates sustainable alternatives.
  • Biodegradable and bio-based polymers offer eco-friendly solutions despite property limitations.
  • A circular economy approach is vital for managing plastic waste.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review sustainable polymeric materials, including biodegradable and bio-based polymers, additives, and micro/nanoparticles.
  • To explore strategies for enhancing the properties of these materials for industrial applications.
  • To summarize recent advancements in plasticization and processing of sustainable polymers.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of biodegradable and bio-based polymers.
  • Analysis of blending, composite, and nanocomposite strategies.
  • Examination of plasticization techniques and naturally derived plasticizers.
  • Review of scalable synthesis and processing methods (e.g., melt extrusion, electrospinning).

Main Results:

  • Biodegradable polymers, while having poorer properties, are gaining industrial interest due to their environmental benefits.
  • Blending, composites, and nanocomposites show promise for improving polymer performance.
  • Naturally derived plasticizers and their modifications enhance compatibility in polymeric matrices.
  • Scalable industrial processing methods for bio-based and biodegradable polymers are available.

Conclusions:

  • Sustainable polymeric materials are key to addressing plastic pollution.
  • Advanced strategies like nanocomposites and optimized plasticization are crucial for enhancing biodegradable polymer performance.
  • Further research into scalable processing and degradation is needed for widespread adoption.