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Anders Hostrup Larsen1, Trine Kiilerich Lauridsen2, Julie Vishram-Nielsen3

  • 1Hjertesygdomme, Regionshospitalet Gødstrup.

Ugeskrift for Laeger
|November 12, 2024
PubMed
Summary
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Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) presents with symptoms like dyspnoea and swelling, often due to heart disease. A four-pillar treatment strategy is now recommended for managing this condition.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) is a clinical syndrome characterized by symptoms such as dyspnoea and fatigue, and signs of congestion like oedema.
  • Commonly caused by ischaemic heart disease, HFrEF involves elevated cardiac filling pressures and can lead to low cardiac output.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the evolution of medical treatments for HFrEF.
  • To outline the current recommended four-pillar treatment strategy for HFrEF.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent decades' medical treatment advancements for HFrEF.

Main Results:

  • Medical treatment for HFrEF has significantly evolved.
  • A four-pillar treatment strategy is now recommended.

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Conclusions:

  • The recommended four-pillar treatment includes a renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitor (or sacubitril/valsartan), a beta-blocker, a mineralocorticoid antagonist, and an SGLT2 inhibitor.
  • This comprehensive approach aims to manage HFrEF effectively.