Photonic crystal surface emitting lasers with multiple-junction operating at high order waveguide mode

Area of Science:

• Optics and Photonics
• Semiconductor Lasers
• Nanophotonics

Background:

• Photonic Crystal Surface Emitting Lasers (PCSELs) are crucial for various optical applications.
• Minimizing internal losses is key to improving PCSEL efficiency and output power.
• Higher-order waveguide modes offer a potential pathway to reduce these losses.

Purpose of the Study:

• To propose and design a novel multi-junction PCSEL architecture.
• To investigate the operation of PCSELs in higher-order waveguide modes.
• To enhance power conversion efficiency and output power in PCSELs.

Main Methods:

• Detailed design and simulation of a 2-junction PCSEL (2J-PCSEL).
• Calculation of key optical parameters: confinement factors, coupling coefficients, radiation loss, and threshold currents.
• Comparative performance analysis between 2J-PCSELs and 1-junction PCSELs (1J-PCSELs).

Main Results:

• The proposed 2J-PCSEL design operates effectively in higher-order waveguide modes.
• Simulations show reduced internal losses compared to conventional designs.
• Calculated threshold currents indicate improved device performance.

Conclusions:

• The novel multi-junction PCSEL design demonstrates significant potential for high efficiency.
• Operating in higher-order modes is a viable strategy for loss minimization.
• The 2J-PCSEL architecture offers superior power conversion efficiency and output power compared to 1J-PCSELs.