Metal-organic framework-based hybrids with photon upconversion.

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Photoluminescence
• Nanotechnology

Background:

• Upconversion materials (UCMs) exhibit anti-Stokes emission, making them significant in photoluminescence.
• Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are versatile materials with high porosity, tunable structures, and functional sites.
• Integrating UCMs with MOFs enhances UCM properties and performance.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review advancements in upconverting MOF-based hybrids.
• To cover classifications, luminescence mechanisms, designs, properties, and applications.
• To analyze the synergistic functions and explore future research directions.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of upconverting MOF-based hybrid research.
• Analysis of luminescence mechanisms and material design strategies.
• Evaluation of applications in energy, catalysis, and biomedical fields.

Main Results:

• Upconverting MOF-based hybrids successfully integrate UCMs and MOFs.
• Diverse designs and properties of these hybrids are presented.
• Significant potential in energy, catalysis, and biomedical applications is demonstrated.

Conclusions:

• Upconverting MOF-based hybrids represent a promising class of advanced materials.
• Further research can optimize properties, performance, and expand applications.
• This review provides a comprehensive overview and future outlook for the field.