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Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF), a proinflammatory cytokine, contributes significantly to the inflammation seen in Crohn's disease. It exists as soluble TNF and membrane-bound TNF, with actions mediated through TNF receptors (TNFR). TNFR activation leads to the release of proinflammatory cytokines, T-cell activation, collagen production, and leukocyte migration, all contributing to inflammation in Crohn's disease. Anti-TNF monoclonal antibodies, namely infliximab (Remicade), adalimumab...
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Upon diagnosis, managing Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) involves addressing several crucial aspects. The primary goals include resting the bowel, correcting malnutrition, and providing symptomatic relief. Resting the bowel may consist of medications to reduce inflammation and promote healing. Correcting malnutrition is essential, often requiring dietary adjustments and nutritional supplements. Symptomatic relief aims to ease pain, diarrhea, and other discomforts in IBD.
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Innovation in Dermatomyositis.

Kimberly B Hashemi1, Katharina S Shaw2, Rochelle Castillo1

  • 1Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 221 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Dermatology Program, Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Autoimmune Skin Disease Program, Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 221 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.

Dermatologic Clinics
|November 14, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Dermatomyositis (DM) is a rare autoimmune disease with skin symptoms, cancer risks, and organ involvement. Advances in understanding autoantibodies and immune drivers are paving the way for new targeted treatments.

Keywords:
Cutaneous dermatomyositisDermatomyositisEmerging treatmentsInterferonMyositis-specific antibodies

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Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Immunology
  • Dermatology

Background:

  • Dermatomyositis (DM) is a rare autoimmune disorder.
  • It presents with characteristic skin manifestations, increased cancer risk, and potential involvement of muscles, lungs, heart, gastrointestinal tract, and joints.
  • The exact pathogenesis of DM is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of dermatomyositis pathogenesis.
  • To highlight the significance of myositis-specific autoantibodies in understanding disease heterogeneity and risk stratification.
  • To discuss the implications of recent immunologic discoveries for novel therapeutic development in DM.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent advancements in dermatomyositis research.
  • Analysis of the role of autoantibodies in DM classification and prognosis.
  • Examination of emerging immunologic pathways implicated in DM.

Main Results:

  • Myositis-specific autoantibodies aid in classifying DM subtypes and predicting extracutaneous manifestations and malignancy risk.
  • Key immunologic drivers of DM have been identified.
  • These discoveries are crucial for developing targeted therapies.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding DM heterogeneity through autoantibodies is vital for risk assessment.
  • Elucidation of DM's immunologic underpinnings is accelerating the development of new treatments.
  • Future research directions focus on targeted immunotherapies for DM.