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Running modulates primate and rodent visual cortex differently.

John P Liska1, Declan P Rowley1,2, Trevor Thai Kim Nguyen1

  • 1Departments of Neuroscience and Psychology, Center for Perceptual Systems, Institute for Neuroscience, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, United States.

Elife
|November 19, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Running significantly impacts visual cortex activity in mice, but not primates. This study reveals species-specific differences in how locomotion affects visual processing, impacting the vision-action relationship.

Keywords:
Callithrix jacchusV1comparativemouseneurosciencerunning

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Comparative Physiology
  • Visual System Research

Background:

  • The primary visual cortex (V1) in mice shows significant activity modulation during running, challenging its role as a passive processor.
  • Previous research focused on dissecting the circuits and functions of running-correlated modulation in rodents.
  • The impact of locomotion on visual processing in primates remains largely unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether visual processing in primates, specifically marmosets, is modulated by locomotion.
  • To compare running-correlated V1 activity in marmosets with existing findings in mice.
  • To understand the functional implications of species-specific V1 modulation during movement.

Main Methods:

  • Recorded primary visual cortex (V1) activity in marmosets.
  • Presented visual stimuli to marmosets while they were on a treadmill.
  • Analyzed population-level V1 activity for trial-to-trial fluctuations and shared gain.
  • Compared V1 modulation patterns between marmosets and mice during locomotion.

Main Results:

  • Running-correlated modulations in marmoset V1 were minimal and generally suppressive, contrasting sharply with mice.
  • Both species exhibited trial-to-trial fluctuations in shared V1 gain.
  • In mice, gain modulations strongly correlated with running; in marmosets, they were smaller and often negatively correlated with running.

Conclusions:

  • Population-wide V1 fluctuations may represent a conserved mammalian visual cortical mechanism.
  • Significant quantitative differences exist in V1 modulation during locomotion between primates and rodents.
  • These differences suggest distinct relationships between vision and action in primates versus rodents.