Optimizing Musculoskeletal Management Following Spinal Cord Injury: Best Practices in Practice Management

Area of Science:

• Rehabilitation Medicine
• Neurology
• Orthopedics

Background:

• Musculoskeletal (MSK) pain affects 50-81% of individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI).
• SCI-related MSK impairments include decreased muscle mass, bone density, spasticity, contractures, and overuse injuries.
• These conditions significantly limit mobility, social participation, independence in activities of daily living, and contribute to depression.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate and outline common musculoskeletal conditions following spinal cord injury.
• To highlight the prevalence and impact of MSK impairments in the SCI population.
• To address the research gap concerning MSK condition risks in SCI.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of common musculoskeletal impairments in SCI.
• Analysis of conditions contributing to pain and morbidity post-SCI.
• Identification of specific MSK issues prevalent in SCI survivors.

Main Results:

• Common MSK conditions include muscle atrophy, osteoporosis, fractures, spasticity, heterotopic ossification, tendinopathies, and mononeuropathies.
• These impairments exacerbate pain and reduce functional independence.
• Lack of comprehensive research on specific MSK risk factors in SCI.

Conclusions:

• Musculoskeletal impairments are a significant and prevalent challenge for individuals with SCI.
• Addressing these MSK conditions is crucial for improving quality of life and functional independence in SCI.
• Further research is needed to understand and mitigate the risks of developing these MSK conditions after SCI.