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Performance of Artificial Intelligence Chatbots in Responding to Patient Queries Related to Traumatic Dental
Yeliz Guven1, Omer Tarik Ozdemir1, Melis Yazir Kavan1
1Istanbul University, Department of Pedodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul, Turkey.
Summary
AI chatbots like ChatGPT 3.5, ChatGPT 4.0, and Google Gemini were evaluated for answering traumatic dental injury (TDI) questions. ChatGPT 4.0 and Google Gemini provided more accurate information than ChatGPT 3.5, but neither replaces a dentist.
Area of Science:
- Artificial Intelligence
- Dental Medicine
- Health Informatics
Background:
- AI chatbots are increasingly used for online health information.
- Patients seek chatbot advice for medical and dental decisions.
- The study focuses on traumatic dental injuries (TDIs).
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the readability, quality, and accuracy of AI chatbot responses.
- To compare ChatGPT 3.5, ChatGPT 4.0, and Google Gemini for TDI information.
- To determine the reliability of chatbots as patient information sources.
Main Methods:
- 59 TDI-related queries were posed to ChatGPT 3.5, 4.0, and Google Gemini.
- Readability assessed using Flesch Reading Ease and Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level.
- Quality and accuracy evaluated with DISCERN, GQS, and PEMAT-P tools.
Main Results:
- Chatbot responses generally required a college-level reading ability.
- ChatGPT 3.5 showed lower understandability and quality scores.
- ChatGPT 4.0 and Google Gemini offered higher quality and more accurate information.
Conclusions:
- ChatGPT 4.0 and Google Gemini are more reliable than ChatGPT 3.5 for TDI information.
- AI chatbots can serve as supplementary information sources.
- Chatbots cannot substitute professional dental care for diagnosis and treatment.
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