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Related Concept Videos

Inductively Coupled Plasma–Mass Spectrometry (ICP–MS): Overview01:19

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In inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (ICP–MS), an inductively coupled plasma (ICP) torch is used as an atomizer and ionizer. Solid samples are dissolved and volatilized before being introduced into the high-temperature argon plasma, while solution samples are nebulized and passed through the high-temperature argon plasma. Plasma dissociates the analytes and ionizes their component atoms to form a mixture of positive ions and molecular species. The positive ions are then...
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Atomic fluorescence spectroscopy (AFS) is an analytical technique that involves the electronic transitions of atoms in a flame, furnace, or plasma being excited by electromagnetic (EM) radiation. When these atoms absorb energy, they become excited and subsequently release energy as they return to their original state. This emitted light, or "fluorescence," is observed at a right angle to the incident beam. Both absorption and emission processes transpire at distinct wavelengths, which...
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Fluorometers and spectrofluorometers are two types of instruments used for measuring molecular fluorescence. These instruments differ in how they select excitation and emission wavelengths and the type of light sources they utilize. Fluorometers use absorption interference filters to choose excitation and emission wavelengths. The excitation source in a fluorometer is typically a low-pressure mercury vapor lamp that emits intense lines distributed throughout the ultraviolet and visible regions.
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Gas Chromatography: Types of Detectors-II01:19

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In gas chromatography, different detectors are employed to meet specific analytical needs. These detectors are often categorized based on their detection mechanisms and the types of compounds they are best suited to analyze. Thermal Conductivity Detectors (TCD), Flame Ionization Detectors (FID), and Electron Capture Detectors (ECD) represent common categories, each with unique operating principles and applications. However, beyond these, several other detectors are designed for more specialized...
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Inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (ICP–MS) is a highly selective and sensitive technique for accurate elemental analysis. Though the analysis of ICP–MS mass spectra is comparatively straightforward, it is affected by spectroscopic and non-spectroscopic interferences. Spectroscopic interferences arise when the plasma contains ionic species with an m/z value the same as the analyte ion. Spectroscopic interference can be categorized as isobaric, polyatomic ions, and...
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Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is the most widely used plasma source in atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), also known as Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The ICP source, or torch, consists of three concentric quartz tubes with argon gas flowing through them. A spark from a Tesla coil initiates the ionization of argon, generating a high-temperature plasma.
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Post-ICP Chemical Ionization MS for Total Extractable Organic Fluorine Quantitation.

Samuel White1, Kaveh Jorabchi1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia 20057, United States.

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Summary

This study introduces post-plasma chemical ionization mass spectrometry (MS) for total extractable organic fluorine (EOF) quantitation. This method offers improved detection limits for organic fluorine in samples like food packaging.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Chemistry
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Mass Spectrometry

Background:

  • Accurate quantitation of total extractable organic fluorine (EOF) is crucial for comprehensive chemical analysis.
  • The increasing prevalence of perfluoroalkyl substances necessitates robust methods for EOF determination due to diverse chemical forms and limited standards.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate post-plasma chemical ionization mass spectrometry (MS) as a method for total EOF quantitation.
  • To optimize ICP operating parameters and sample introduction for enhanced fluorine detection.

Main Methods:

  • Organofluorine samples were introduced into an inductively coupled plasma (ICP), forming HF, which was then ionized and detected by MS.
  • A single-pass spray chamber was used to mitigate volatility biases, enabling compound-independent response factors.
  • Food contact paper products were analyzed after methanolic extraction, preconcentration, and flow injection analysis.

Main Results:

  • Optimal ICP parameters were identified for robust ion generation and fluorine detection.
  • An instrumental detection limit of 2.2 ng F mL⁻¹ was achieved, significantly better than ICP-MS.
  • Organic fluorine was detected in all tested food contact paper products, with levels ranging from 22-363 ng F cm⁻².

Conclusions:

  • Post-ICP chemical ionization MS provides a facile and sensitive technique for total EOF quantitation.
  • This method expands elemental MS capabilities for fluorine analysis, particularly for complex samples.