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Shape Memory Polymer Scaffolds-Utility for In Vitro Osteogenesis of Canine Multipotent Stromal Cells.

Shelby B Gasson1, Lauren K Dobson1, Michaela R Pfau-Cloud2

  • 1Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA.

Journal of Biomedical Materials Research. Part B, Applied Biomaterials
|November 26, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Biodegradable poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) shape memory polymer scaffolds show promise for bone defect repair. Canine cells demonstrated good growth and bone-forming potential on these PCL scaffolds, paving the way for future animal and human studies.

Keywords:
bone regenerationcaninemultipotent stromal cellosteogenic differentiationscaffoldshape memory polymertissue engineering

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Orthopedic Engineering

Background:

  • Biodegradable shape memory polymer (SMP) scaffolds made from poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) offer a press-fit solution for critical-sized bone defects.
  • Translating SMP scaffolds to clinical use necessitates validation in large-animal models, with canines serving as a relevant model due to orthopedic similarities with humans.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the in vitro cytocompatibility and osteogenic differentiation of canine multipotent stromal cells (cMSCs) on two distinct SMP scaffold compositions.
  • To prepare for future in vivo canine studies by assessing scaffold suitability for cell growth and bone formation.

Main Methods:

  • Two SMP scaffold types were tested: PCL-only (PCL-diacrylate, PCL-DA) and a semi-interpenetrating network (semi-IPN) of PCL-DA and poly(L-lactic acid) (PCL:PLLA).
  • Canine bone marrow-derived MSCs (cMSCs) were assessed for attachment, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation on both scaffold types over 21 days.

Main Results:

  • Both PCL and PCL:PLLA scaffolds demonstrated excellent cytocompatibility, attachment, and proliferation of cMSCs.
  • PCL scaffolds supported superior early- and late-stage in vitro osteogenesis compared to PCL:PLLA scaffolds.
  • cMSCs successfully deposited mineralized extracellular matrix on both scaffold types within 21 days.

Conclusions:

  • The tested SMP scaffolds are suitable for in vitro canine multipotent stromal cell attachment, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation.
  • These findings represent a crucial advancement towards canine in vivo studies and potential clinical translation for human bone defect repair.