Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 6, 2025
12:06
Synthesis of High Purity Nonsymmetric Dialkylphosphinic Acid Extractants
Published on: October 19, 2017
7.5K
Enhancing Analytical Potential for Ultratrace Analysis of Inorganic Oxyanions Using Extraction Procedures with
Ingrid Hagarová1, Vasil Andruch2
1Institute of Laboratory Research on Geomaterials, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynská dolina, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia.
Toxics
|November 26, 2024
Summary
Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) are effective sorbents for extracting inorganic oxyanions like chromium, arsenic, and selenium. These methods enhance analytical sensitivity and selectivity for complex samples.
Area of Science:
- Analytical Chemistry
- Materials Science
Background:
- Inorganic oxyanions of chromium, arsenic, and selenium pose environmental and health concerns.
- Accurate detection of these analytes at low concentrations in complex matrices is challenging.
- Existing analytical methods require improvement in sensitivity and selectivity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the application of layered double hydroxides (LDHs) as sorbents in analytical extraction.
- To highlight the use of LDHs in solid-phase extraction (SPE) techniques for inorganic oxyanions.
- To discuss the enhancement of spectrometric detection for trace analysis.
Main Methods:
- Overview of column-based SPE, dispersive SPE (DSPE), and magnetic SPE (MSPE) utilizing LDHs.
- Exploration of structural modification of LDHs for optimized sorbent properties.
- Analysis of experimental condition optimization for extraction efficiency.
Main Results:
- LDHs demonstrate effectiveness as sorbents for chromium, arsenic, and selenium oxyanions.
- LDH-based extraction methods significantly improve sensitivity and selectivity in spectrometric detection.
- Satisfactory analytical results are achieved through optimized LDH extraction procedures.
Conclusions:
- Layered double hydroxides are versatile and promising materials for developing novel analytical extraction methods.
- LDH-based SPE techniques offer a viable approach for preconcentrating and separating target oxyanions.
- This review provides valuable insights for analytical chemists developing new extraction procedures.
Keywords:
arsenicchromiumenvironmental samplesextractionlayered double hydroxidesseleniumspectrometric quantificationMore Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
00:56Extraction: Advanced Methods
420
Metal ions can be separated from one another by complexation with organic ligands–the chelating agent– to form uncharged chelates. Here, the chelating agent must contain hydrophobic groups and behave as a weak acid, losing a proton to bind with the metal. Since most organic ligands used in this process are insoluble or undergo oxidation in the aqueous phase, the chelating agent is initially added to the organic phase and extracted into the aqueous phase. The metal-ligand complex is...
420
00:49Gravimetry: Inorganic And Organic Precipitating Agents
1.2K
In gravimetry, the precipitant is chosen carefully to obtain a pure solid that can be easily filtered. Common inorganic precipitants can be used to determine several cations and anions. In some cases, the formation of the same precipitate can be used to determine the cation and the anion. For example, the reaction of barium and chromate ions to give barium chromate is used to determine both barium and chromate. However, precipitates such as hydroxides, oxalates, and metal ammonium phosphates...
1.2K
03:46Qualitative Analysis
22.0K
For solutions containing mixtures of different cations, the identity of each cation can be determined by qualitative analysis. This technique involves a series of selective precipitations with different chemical reagents, each reaction producing a characteristic precipitate for a specific group of cations. Metal ions within a group are further separated by varying the pH, heating the mixture to redissolve a precipitate, or adding other reagents to form complex ions.
For instance, group IV...
For instance, group IV...
22.0K
01:08Sample Preparation for Analysis: Advanced Techniques
301
Accurate analysis of complex samples often requires advanced preparation techniques to achieve reliable and reproducible results. Samples containing inorganic or organic materials can be challenging to dissolve or decompose effectively. Standard sample preparation methods include acid digestion, fusion, dry ashing, and wet digestion.
Acid digestion with strong acids is commonly used to dissolve inorganic materials that are insoluble (do not dissolve) in water. This method can be useful for...
Acid digestion with strong acids is commonly used to dissolve inorganic materials that are insoluble (do not dissolve) in water. This method can be useful for...
301
01:26EDTA: Auxiliary Complexing Reagents
553
EDTA titrations are usually carried out in highly basic conditions, where the fully deprotonated form of EDTA, Y4−, actively complexes with the free metal ions in the solution. Several metal ions precipitate as hydrous oxide (hydroxides, oxides, or oxyhydroxides) under these conditions, lowering the concentration of free metal ions in the solution. For this reason, auxiliary complexing agents or ligands such as ammonia, tartrate, citrate, or triethanolamine are used in EDTA titrations to...
553
01:09Ion-Exchange Chromatography
369
Ion-exchange chromatography, or IEC, is a technique for separating ions based on their affinity for the stationary phase. The stationary phase is a cross-linked polymer resin with covalently attached ionic functional groups. The functional groups can be either positively charged (cation exchangers) or negatively charged (anion exchangers). A cation exchanger consists of a polymeric anion and active cations, while an anion exchanger is a polymeric cation with active anions. The choice of...
369