Quantification of Ultra-Trace Lead in Water After Preconcentration on Nano-Titanium Oxide Using the Slurry Sampling...

Area of Science:

• Analytical Chemistry
• Environmental Science
• Materials Science

Background:

• Accurate quantification of trace lead in water is crucial for environmental monitoring and public health.
• Existing methods for lead determination may require complex sample preparation or lack sensitivity for ultra-trace levels.
• Nanomaterials offer unique properties for developing advanced separation and preconcentration techniques.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop and optimize a simple, efficient dispersive micro solid-phase extraction (DMSPE) method for lead determination.
• To utilize nano-titanium dioxide (TiO2) as a novel sorbent for lead separation and preconcentration.
• To validate the method for analyzing trace lead levels in various water matrices.

Main Methods:

• Dispersive micro solid-phase extraction (DMSPE) using nano-TiO2 as the sorbent.
• Optimization of key parameters: pH, ionic strength, sorbent dosage, and preconcentration factor.
• Quantification using electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ETAAS).

Main Results:

• The optimized DMSPE method achieved a preconcentration factor of 20.
• A low detection limit of 0.11 µg/L was obtained with relative standard deviation below 4.5%.
• High recovery rates (89-103%) were observed when analyzing certified reference material and real water samples.

Conclusions:

• The developed nano-TiO2 based DMSPE method is a simple, efficient, and reliable technique for preconcentrating and determining trace lead in complex water samples.
• The method demonstrates excellent performance, making it suitable for environmental monitoring applications.
• This approach offers a promising alternative for sensitive lead analysis in water.