Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Target Cell Response to Hormones01:22

Target Cell Response to Hormones

2.9K
Hormones intricately bind to receptors on the surface or within target cells, initiating a cascade of cellular responses.
Notably, the cellular response can be regulated by altering the number of receptors expressed in the cell. For example, prolonged exposure to elevated hormone levels results in a gradual decline or down-regulation in the number of receptors for that specific hormone on the cell surface. Conversely, in response to low hormone levels, cells may use up-regulation, producing an...
2.9K
Regulation of Hormone Secretion01:19

Regulation of Hormone Secretion

3.2K
Regulation of hormone secretion is a finely tuned orchestration driven by various types of stimuli, encompassing neural, humoral, and hormonal signals. Environmental cues instigate neural stimuli, where action potentials traverse nerve fibers to reach their designated targets. An illustrative scenario is the body's response to stress, wherein the sympathetic nervous system releases epinephrine from the adrenal glands, inducing the well-known 'fight or flight' reaction.
Humoral...
3.2K
Feedback Loops01:01

Feedback Loops

56.3K
In most cases, excessive hormone production is prevented by negative feedback—a loop that starts with a stimulus inducing the release of a particular substance, like a hormone, to maintain a certain level before triggering a signal that results in a decrease in further release of the hormone.
56.3K
Major Hormones and Their Functions01:27

Major Hormones and Their Functions

328
Hormones, the biochemical messengers produced by endocrine glands, are pivotal in regulating bodily functions and maintaining homeostasis. Each hormone's balance is crucial; imbalances can lead to significant physiological disruptions. Major hormones include oxytocin, cortisol, epinephrine, estrogen, testosterone, thyroxine, growth hormone, insulin, and glucagon.
Oxytocin, produced in the hypothalamus and released by the pituitary gland, plays a role in social bonding, childbirth, and...
328
Secondary Messengers in Hormone Action01:26

Secondary Messengers in Hormone Action

2.0K
Water-soluble hormones cannot cross the plasma membrane, so they rely on protein receptors that span the membrane to trigger intracellular signaling pathways. These pathways then activate second messengers inside the cell, including cAMP or calcium ions.
Many hormones bind to transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors that connect to regulatory G proteins. These G proteins can then activate enzymes such as adenylyl cyclase or phospholipase C. Adenylyl cyclase converts ATP to cAMP, activating...
2.0K
Regulation of Metabolism01:19

Regulation of Metabolism

9.3K
Cellular needs and conditions vary from cell to cell and change within individual cells over time. For example, the required enzymes and energetic demands of stomach cells are different from those of fat storage cells, skin cells, blood cells, and nerve cells. Furthermore, a digestive cell works much harder to process and break down nutrients during the time that closely follows a meal compared with many hours after a meal. As these cellular demands and conditions vary, so do the amounts and...
9.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Expanding the Mutational Spectrum of <i>ACADVL</i>: Integrative Characterization of the p.Ser72Phe Variant in Very Long-Chain Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenase Deficiency.

Genes·2026
Same author

ProGRP dynamics as a prognostic predictor in advanced medullary thyroid carcinoma.

Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine·2026
Same author

Voltage-gated potassium channels mediate thyroid hormone control of skeletal muscle excitability.

The Journal of physiology·2026
Same author

Modified HEART score to improve ruling out acute coronary syndrome at the emergency department.

Internal and emergency medicine·2026
Same author

Sex-Related Differences in Circular RNA Expression in Multiple Sclerosis: A Pilot Study.

Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN·2026
Same author

Fetal MRI Biomarkers and the Prenatal Origins of Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Narrative Review.

Journal of clinical medicine·2026
Same journal

Correction: Reis et al. Bioinks Enriched with ECM Components Obtained by Supercritical Extraction. <i>Biomolecules</i> 2022, <i>12</i>, 394.

Biomolecules·2026
Same journal

Correction: Kim, K.-H.; Yoo, B.C. Gintonin as a Lysophosphatidic Acid-Enriched GPCR Ligand System: Molecular Architecture and Receptor Pharmacology in <i>Panax ginseng</i>. <i>Biomolecules</i> 2026, <i>16</i>, 465.

Biomolecules·2026
Same journal

Correction: Bastyte et al. The Association of Vitamin D Receptor Gene Polymorphisms with Vitamin D, Total IgE, and Blood Eosinophils in Patients with Atopy. <i>Biomolecules</i> 2024, <i>14</i>, 212.

Biomolecules·2026
Same journal

AtHSPR Plays a Positive Role in Arabidopsis Resistance Against <i>Pseudomonas syringae</i> pv. <i>tomato</i> DC3000 by Interacting with TOP1.

Biomolecules·2026
Same journal

CYTH4 Facilitates Renal Cell Carcinoma via Enhancing Proliferation and Likely Immune Evasion.

Biomolecules·2026
Same journal

Integrated Immune-Gut Profiling Identifies an Exploratory Pediatric Inflammatory Intestinal Profile Associated with Food-Specific IgG Reactivity.

Biomolecules·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 6, 2025

A Chronic High-Intensity Interval Training and Diet-Induced Obesity Model to Maximize Exercise Effort and Induce Physiologic Changes in Rats
06:28

A Chronic High-Intensity Interval Training and Diet-Induced Obesity Model to Maximize Exercise Effort and Induce Physiologic Changes in Rats

Published on: April 28, 2023

784

How Does Physical Activity Modulate Hormone Responses?

Cristina Mennitti1, Gabriele Farina2, Antonio Imperatore1

  • 1Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, Federico II University, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Napoli, Italy.

Biomolecules
|November 27, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Physical activity significantly alters hormone levels, including cortisol, testosterone, and insulin. Understanding these hormonal changes is key for tailoring exercise programs and preventing overtraining syndrome in athletes.

Keywords:
athletescatecholaminescortisolgrowth hormoneinsulinphysical activitytestosteronethyroid

More Related Videos

A Method to Study the Impact of Chemically-induced Ovarian Failure on Exercise Capacity and Cardiac Adaptation in Mice
14:26

A Method to Study the Impact of Chemically-induced Ovarian Failure on Exercise Capacity and Cardiac Adaptation in Mice

Published on: April 7, 2014

15.4K
Conducting Maximal and Submaximal Endurance Exercise Testing to Measure Physiological and Biological Responses to Acute Exercise in Humans
07:26

Conducting Maximal and Submaximal Endurance Exercise Testing to Measure Physiological and Biological Responses to Acute Exercise in Humans

Published on: October 17, 2018

20.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 6, 2025

A Chronic High-Intensity Interval Training and Diet-Induced Obesity Model to Maximize Exercise Effort and Induce Physiologic Changes in Rats
06:28

A Chronic High-Intensity Interval Training and Diet-Induced Obesity Model to Maximize Exercise Effort and Induce Physiologic Changes in Rats

Published on: April 28, 2023

784
A Method to Study the Impact of Chemically-induced Ovarian Failure on Exercise Capacity and Cardiac Adaptation in Mice
14:26

A Method to Study the Impact of Chemically-induced Ovarian Failure on Exercise Capacity and Cardiac Adaptation in Mice

Published on: April 7, 2014

15.4K
Conducting Maximal and Submaximal Endurance Exercise Testing to Measure Physiological and Biological Responses to Acute Exercise in Humans
07:26

Conducting Maximal and Submaximal Endurance Exercise Testing to Measure Physiological and Biological Responses to Acute Exercise in Humans

Published on: October 17, 2018

20.4K

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Exercise Physiology
  • Sports Science

Background:

  • Physical activity profoundly influences the neuroendocrine system and hormone secretion.
  • Individual factors (genetics, age, sex, nutrition, training status) and exercise characteristics (type, intensity, duration, environment) modulate hormonal responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the effects of physical exercise on human hormone levels.
  • To focus on changes in cortisol, testosterone, and insulin concentrations due to varying exercise types and intensities.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies examining hormonal responses to physical activity.
  • Analysis of factors influencing hormonal secretion during exercise.
  • Focus on key hormones like cortisol, testosterone, and insulin.

Main Results:

  • Exercise elicits significant changes in hormone concentrations.
  • Hormonal responses are highly individualized and context-dependent.
  • Specific exercise protocols lead to predictable hormonal shifts.

Conclusions:

  • Monitoring athletes' hormonal responses can inform personalized training strategies.
  • This monitoring may serve as a tool for preventing overtraining syndrome.
  • Further research can refine our understanding of exercise-hormone interactions.