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CMOS Point-of-Care Diagnostics Technologies: Recent Advances and Future Prospects.

Tania Moeinfard1,2,3, Ebrahim Ghafar-Zadeh1,2, Sebastian Magierowski1,3

  • 1Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Lassonde School of Engineering, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada.

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Summary

Point-of-care (PoC) devices offer rapid diagnostics for blood analysis, infectious diseases, and neural interfaces. This review highlights innovations, including complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) technology, shaping the future of accessible healthcare.

Keywords:
CMOS technologySARS-CoV-2 diagnosticsbioimpedance spectroscopybiomedical integrated circuits (ICs)glucose monitoringmedical diagnosticsneural recordingpoint-of-care (PoC)portable devicesreal-time monitoring

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Diagnostics
  • Medical Devices

Background:

  • Point-of-care (PoC) diagnostics are crucial for timely medical decisions.
  • Existing PoC devices span various applications, including blood analysis and infectious disease detection.
  • Integrated circuits (ICs) are key enablers for miniaturized and efficient diagnostic systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive review of current point-of-care (PoC) devices.
  • To explore advancements in blood analysis, infectious disease detection, and neural interfaces.
  • To survey commercialized PoC devices and the role of complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) technology.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of PoC devices and technologies.
  • Analysis of biomarkers (glucose, dopamine, aptamers) and detection techniques.
  • Examination of PoC technologies for pathogen, RNA, and DNA detection.
  • Review of neural recording and stimulation advancements.
  • Survey of commercialized integrated circuits (ICs) in PoC applications.

Main Results:

  • PoC devices are advancing rapidly in blood analysis, infectious disease diagnostics, and neural interfaces.
  • CMOS technology is pivotal in developing compact and efficient PoC systems.
  • Commercialized PoC devices from companies like Abbott and Medtronic are widely used.
  • Innovations in molecular diagnostics and aptamer-based detection are significant.

Conclusions:

  • PoC devices are transforming healthcare by enabling decentralized diagnostics.
  • CMOS technology will continue to drive innovation in miniaturization and performance.
  • The future landscape of PoC devices promises greater accessibility and efficiency in diagnostics.