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High coupling efficiency polarization splitting waveguide grating couplers.

Xuetong Zhou, Hon Ki Tsang

|November 27, 2024

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

We developed a novel polarization splitting waveguide grating coupler (PSWGC) for efficient light coupling. This silicon photonic device achieves high coupling efficiency for both transverse electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM) polarizations without metal reflectors.

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Area of Science:

Photonics
Optical Engineering
Materials Science

Background:

Waveguide grating couplers are essential for interfacing optical fibers with photonic integrated circuits.
Achieving high coupling efficiency and polarization selectivity simultaneously remains a challenge in silicon photonics.

Purpose of the Study:

To propose and validate a new approach for high coupling efficiency polarization splitting waveguide grating couplers (PSWGCs).
To demonstrate a PSWGC design compatible with standard silicon photonic manufacturing processes.

Main Methods:

Utilizing a polysilicon overlay grating, shifted relative to the underlying silicon grating.
Designing the PSWGC to couple orthogonal polarizations (TE and TM) in distinct directions.
Performing design simulations and experimental validation of the fabricated device.

Main Results:

Simulated coupling efficiencies of -1.46 dB (TE) and -1.88 dB (TM).
Experimentally measured coupling efficiencies of -2.37 dB (TE) and -2.51 dB (TM).
Achieved high efficiency without the need for bottom metal reflectors.

Conclusions:

The proposed PSWGC offers a high-performance solution for polarization management in silicon photonics.
The design is compatible with large-volume manufacturing using photolithography, enabling commercial foundry integration.