[Endoscopic management of upper urinary tract stones]
Quentin Novello1, Massimo Valerio1, Elisabeth Grobet-Jeandin1
1Service d'urologie, Département de chirurgie, Hôpitaux universitaires de Genève, 1211 Genève 14.
Abstract:
The treatment of upper urinary tract stones is one of the main urological activities. Endoscopic surgical techniques, namely semirigid or flexible ureteroscopy (URS) and percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL), represent a major therapeutic modality, alternatively to chemolysis, extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy and open, laparoscopic or robotic-assisted surgery. In this article, the specificities of these endoscopic techniques, their clinical performances, as well as their development following recent technological advances are discussed.
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