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Ultrasensitive NIR-II Surface-Enhanced Resonance Raman Scattering Nanoprobes with Nonlinear Photothermal Effect for

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Researchers developed a nonfluorescent Raman dye (NF1064) for enhanced phototheranostics. This dye, combined with gold nanorods, achieves high sensitivity SERRS imaging and boosts photothermal conversion for tumor resection and infection treatment.

Keywords:
nonfluorescent resonant Raman dyesnonlinear photothermal effectphototheranosticssecond near‐infraredsurface‐enhanced resonance Raman scattering

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Area of Science:

  • Nanotechnology
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Surface-enhanced resonance Raman scattering (SERRS) in the second near-infrared (NIR-II) window shows promise for phototheranostics.
  • A critical limitation is the lack of nonfluorescent, resonant Raman dyes with high affinity for NIR-II applications.
  • Existing dyes often suffer from fluorescence interference and photobleaching, hindering their clinical utility.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and synthesize a novel, nonfluorescent Raman reporter dye resonating with NIR-II excitation.
  • To develop advanced SERRS nanoprobes for enhanced bioimaging and photothermal therapy.
  • To investigate a new strategy for improving the photothermal conversion efficiency of nanomaterials.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of a multi-sulfur Raman reporter, NF1064, with maximum absorption at 1064 nm.
  • Decoration of gold nanorods (AuNRs) with NF1064 to create AuNR@NF1064 nanoprobes.
  • Characterization of SERRS performance, fluorescence quenching mechanism (via ultrafast spectroscopy), and photothermal conversion efficiency.

Main Results:

  • NF1064 demonstrated nonfluorescent background due to twisted intramolecular charge transfer (TICT) in the excited state.
  • AuNR@NF1064 exhibited femtomolar sensitivity, excellent photostability, and zero fluorescence background in SERRS.
  • Achieved a high photothermal conversion efficiency of 68.5% in the NIR-II window, amplified by plasmonic fields.

Conclusions:

  • The developed nonfluorescent NF1064 dye unlocks the potential for high-performance NIR-II SERRS imaging.
  • AuNR@NF1064 nanoprobes enable precise intraoperative tumor guidance and effective hyperthermia against drug-resistant bacteria.
  • This approach offers a novel method to significantly boost the photothermal conversion efficiency of nanomaterials.