TRPV1 Promotes Periodontitis Tissue Inflammation and Oxidative Damage by Regulating STAT3 Signaling Pathway

Area of Science:

• Oral biology
• Immunology
• Cell biology

Background:

• Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory oral disease impacting adult health.
• Transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) is implicated in inflammatory conditions, but its role in periodontitis is not well understood.
• Investigating TRPV1's mechanism in periodontitis is crucial for potential therapeutic development.

Purpose of the Study:

• To explore the biological role of TRPV1 in periodontitis.
• To elucidate the underlying molecular signaling pathway of TRPV1 in periodontitis.
• To assess TRPV1's impact on cellular processes relevant to periodontitis.

Main Methods:

• Human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in vitro.
• A periodontitis mouse model was established using ligation of the gingival sulcus.
• Assessed proliferation, apoptosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress markers in vitro and in vivo.

Main Results:

• LPS induced apoptosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress while inhibiting proliferation in hPDLSCs.
• TRPV1 expression was upregulated in LPS-treated cells and periodontitis patient samples.
• TRPV1 activation exacerbated LPS-induced damage, while inhibition ameliorated periodontitis in mice.
• TRPV1 promoted periodontitis via the STAT3 signaling pathway.

Conclusions:

• TRPV1 expression is elevated in periodontitis and contributes to tissue inflammation and oxidative damage.
• TRPV1 facilitates periodontitis by activating the STAT3 signaling pathway.
• TRPV1 represents a potential novel therapeutic target for periodontitis treatment.