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Homecoming After Brexit: Evidence on Academic Migration From Bibliometric Data.

Ebru Sanlitürk1, Samin Aref2, Emilio Zagheni1

  • 1Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany.

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Summary

Brexit altered academic mobility, increasing the likelihood of EU scholars leaving the UK. UK-origin scholars showed decreased departure and increased return probabilities post-referendum, indicating a workforce composition shift.

Keywords:
Bibliometric dataBrexitHigh-skilled migrationMigration of scholars

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Area of Science:

  • Social Sciences
  • Bibliometrics
  • Higher Education Studies

Background:

  • The 2016 Brexit referendum introduced uncertainty regarding international collaboration and researcher mobility.
  • Understanding the impact on academic migration is crucial for the UK and European Union (EU) higher education sectors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the initial effects of the Brexit referendum on academic scholar mobility to and from the United Kingdom (UK).
  • To analyze changes in migration patterns of internationally mobile researchers before and after Brexit.

Main Methods:

  • Leveraged bibliometric data from millions of Scopus publications to track institutional affiliations of researchers.
  • Focused on a sample of active, internationally mobile researchers with traceable affiliations from 2013 to 2019.
  • Quantified changes in the probability of researchers leaving or moving to the UK based on their academic origin (EU vs. UK).

Main Results:

  • No overall "brain drain" from the UK was observed.
  • Scholars originating from EU countries showed an 86% increased probability of leaving the UK post-Brexit.
  • Scholars with UK academic origins exhibited a 14% decreased probability of leaving the UK and a 65% increased probability of returning.

Conclusions:

  • Brexit initiated a compositional change in the UK academic workforce, affecting researcher mobility patterns.
  • The findings highlight distinct impacts on EU-origin versus UK-origin scholars.
  • These shifts represent early consequences of Brexit on the UK and EU academic landscape.