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Related Concept Videos

Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Pharmacological Management01:29

Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Pharmacological Management

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Upon diagnosis, managing Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) involves addressing several crucial aspects. The primary goals include resting the bowel, correcting malnutrition, and providing symptomatic relief. Resting the bowel may consist of medications to reduce inflammation and promote healing. Correcting malnutrition is essential, often requiring dietary adjustments and nutritional supplements. Symptomatic relief aims to ease pain, diarrhea, and other discomforts in IBD.
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Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Immunomodulatory Agents01:29

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Crohn's disease is an inflammatory bowel disorder marked by chronic inflammation of the GI tract. Various treatment strategies for Crohn's disease are employed, such as immunomodulatory agents, glucocorticoids, and biologics or anti-TNF therapy. Azathioprine (Imuran), a commonly used immunomodulatory drug for Crohn's disease, is converted in the body to mercaptopurine, which inhibits purine biosynthesis and cell proliferation. Both are utilized in severe cases of Inflammatory Bowel...
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Diagnostic Studies and Management I-Nutritional Therapy01:30

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Diagnostic Studies and Management I-Nutritional Therapy

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Various diagnostic tests are employed in the diagnostic process for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), particularly to differentiate between Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
Diagnostic studies
A colonoscopy is the definitive screening test, distinguishing ulcerative colitis from other colon diseases with similar symptoms. During a colonoscopy test, inflamed mucosa with exudate ulcerations can be observed, and biopsies are taken to determine the histologic characteristics of the...
316
Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Glucocorticoids01:21

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Glucocorticoids

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Glucocorticoids, a class of anti-inflammatory drugs, are pivotal in treating moderate to severe Crohn's disease by inducing remission. They exhibit their anti-inflammatory action by inhibiting the production of inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1, and chemokines like IL-8. In addition, they reduce the expression of inflammatory cell adhesion molecules and inhibit gene transcription of nitric oxide synthase, phospholipase A2, cyclooxygenase-2...
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Drugs for Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis in IBD01:29

Drugs for Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis in IBD

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Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory condition primarily affecting the colon and rectum. The primary drugs used in the treatment of ulcerative colitis are aminosalicylates. They exhibit anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties. They modulate inflammatory mediators and inhibit the activity of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). Aminosalicylates also reduce inflammation by inhibiting prostaglandin and leukotriene production and decreasing neutrophil chemotaxis and superoxide...
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Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Biologic Agents: Anti-TNF01:24

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Biologic Agents: Anti-TNF

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Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF), a proinflammatory cytokine, contributes significantly to the inflammation seen in Crohn's disease. It exists as soluble TNF and membrane-bound TNF, with actions mediated through TNF receptors (TNFR). TNFR activation leads to the release of proinflammatory cytokines, T-cell activation, collagen production, and leukocyte migration, all contributing to inflammation in Crohn's disease. Anti-TNF monoclonal antibodies, namely infliximab (Remicade), adalimumab...
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Updated: Jun 5, 2025

DNBS/TNBS Colitis Models: Providing Insights Into Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Effects of Dietary Fat
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Model-informed precision dosing in inflammatory bowel diseases.

Arno R Bourgonje1, Marla C Dubinsky2, Ron J Keizer3

  • 1The Henry D. Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.

Trends in Pharmacological Sciences
|December 4, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) needs improvement. New tools like model-informed precision dosing (MIPD) offer personalized treatment strategies for better patient outcomes.

Keywords:
biologicalsbiologicsinflammatory bowel disease (IBD)model-informed precision dosing (MIPD)precision medicinetherapeutic drug monitoring (TDM)

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Pharmacology
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is crucial for optimizing biologic therapies in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
  • Current TDM methods face challenges including identifying optimal drug concentrations, managing pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) variability, and delays in clinical decision-making.
  • A one-size-fits-all approach to TDM is insufficient for the diverse needs of IBD patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore recent technical advancements addressing unmet needs in TDM for IBD.
  • To evaluate the potential of model-informed precision dosing (MIPD) for personalized biologic therapy in IBD.
  • To highlight how innovations can advance TDM beyond current limitations.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent technical advances in TDM for IBD.
  • Discussion of population PK/PD modeling and MIPD tools.
  • Consideration of point-of-care (POC) and self-sampling assays, and novel software solutions.

Main Results:

  • Population PK/PD modeling and MIPD tools offer solutions for optimizing biologic dosing in IBD.
  • POC and self-sampling assays, alongside new software, can streamline TDM processes.
  • These innovations have the potential to overcome current TDM challenges.

Conclusions:

  • Successful implementation of MIPD can establish personalized dosing strategies for IBD patients.
  • MIPD represents a significant advancement over traditional, inadequate TDM approaches.
  • Personalized dosing through MIPD is key to fulfilling the complex needs of all IBD patients.