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Data Verification and Respondent Validity for a Web-Based Sexual Health Survey: Tutorial.

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This study highlights the importance of robust data verification methods in online sexual health surveys for adolescents and young adults. Implementing advanced protocols effectively filters out fraudulent responses, ensuring reliable research data.

Keywords:
STDSTIadolescent and young adultsdata integritydata verificationonline advertisementsrecruitmentsexual healthsexual health surveysexually transmitted diseasesexually transmitted infectionssocial mediasocial media advertisementssurvey designweb-based surveys

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Area of Science:

  • Health Research Methodology
  • Digital Health Data Collection
  • Adolescent and Young Adult Health

Background:

  • Web-based surveys are increasingly used for collecting sensitive sexual health data from adolescents and young adults.
  • Automated bots and fraudulent participants pose significant threats to data integrity in digital health research.
  • Ensuring the reliability of online survey data is crucial for accurate health research findings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To detail the data verification process implemented in a study collecting sexual health information from young individuals.
  • To outline survey programming and data cleaning protocols designed to mitigate bot infiltration and ensure data accuracy.

Main Methods:

  • A 26-item survey incorporated data integrity functions: reCAPTCHA, RelevantID scores, IP address verification, and honeypot questions.
  • Participants (aged 15-24) were recruited via social media, receiving a $15 incentive.
  • A two-part data cleaning process removed incomplete, spam-flagged, duplicate IP, or non-compliant responses, followed by name/address verification and duplicate IP/coordinate checks for incentive distribution.

Main Results:

  • Online advertisements reached 1.4 million users, yielding 20,585 responses over 7 weeks.
  • A total of 4589 (22.3%) responses were initially verified.
  • After cleaning for duplicates and discrepancies, a final sample of 445 valid responses was obtained for analysis.

Conclusions:

  • Web-based surveys are valuable for reaching hard-to-reach populations like adolescents and young adults for sensitive health topics.
  • The study underscores the persistent challenge of bots and fraudulent data in online research.
  • Adoption of evolving bot detection software and tailored data collection protocols is essential for maintaining data integrity in digital health studies.