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Association between retinal morphological characteristics and visual function in myopic traction maculopathy.

Mengai Wu¹, Lifeng Chen¹, Yuanyuan Fan¹

¹National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, 270 Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, PR China.

Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy

|December 12, 2024

Summary

Macular perfusion alterations in myopic traction maculopathy (MTM) correlate with visual function. Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) reveals decreased vessel density (VD) linked to reduced visual acuity and macular sensitivity.

Keywords:

Foveal detachment Myopic foveoschisis Myopic traction maculopathy OCTA Vessel density Visual function

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Area of Science:

Ophthalmology
Medical Imaging
Retinal Diseases

Background:

Myopic traction maculopathy (MTM) involves complex retinal changes in highly myopic eyes.
Understanding the relationship between retinal morphology and visual function in MTM is crucial for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

To quantify retinal morphological characteristics in patients with myopic traction maculopathy (MTM), including myopic foveoschisis (MF), using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).
To investigate the correlation between MTM-related morphological changes and visual function.

Main Methods:

A cross-sectional study involving 19 eyes with MF and foveal detachment (FD), 37 eyes with MF without FD, and 24 myopic controls.
OCTA was employed to assess macular vessel density (VD) in superficial and deep capillary plexuses, foveal avascular zone (FAZ) metrics, retinal thickness, and volume.
Microperimetry evaluated macular sensitivity (MS), and correlations with best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) were analyzed.

Main Results:

Patients with MF (with or without FD) exhibited significantly decreased parafoveal superficial capillary plexus VD and deep capillary plexus VD compared to myopic controls.
In the MF without FD group, parafoveal SCP VD correlated significantly with BCVA and MS across different fields.
In the MF with FD group, deep capillary plexus VD and retinal thickness/volume were associated with MS, while FD-300 area density correlated with BCVA.

Conclusions:

Macular perfusion is closely associated with functional alterations in myopic traction maculopathy.
Macular vessel density (VD) measured by OCTA can serve as a valuable biomarker for monitoring MTM progression.
These findings can aid in optimizing medical and surgical decisions for MTM patients.