Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Global Climate Change01:50

Global Climate Change

24.2K
Throughout its ~4.5 billion year history, the Earth has experienced periods of warming and cooling. However, the current drastic increase in global temperatures is well outside of the Earth’s cyclic norms, and evidence for human-caused global climate change is compelling. Paleoclimatology, the study of ancient climate conditions, provides ample evidence for human-caused global climate change by comparing recent conditions with those in the past.
24.2K
What is Climate?01:16

What is Climate?

18.3K
Climate refers to the prevailing weather conditions in a specific area over an extended period. As the saying goes, “Climate is what you expect. Weather is what you get.” Climate is influenced by geographic factors, such as latitude, terrain, and proximity to bodies of water.
18.3K
Radiation: Applications01:17

Radiation: Applications

1.1K
The average temperature of Earth is the subject of much current discussion. Earth is in radiative contact with both the Sun and dark space; it receives almost all its energy from the radiation of the Sun and reflects some of it into outer space. Dark space is very cold, about 3 K, so Earth radiates energy into it. For instance, heat transfer occurs from soil and grasses, the rate of which can be so rapid that frost can occur on clear summer evenings, even in warm latitudes.
The average...
1.1K
Precipitation Processes01:12

Precipitation Processes

420
The experimental conditions in a gravimetric analysis should be optimized to maximize the particle size and purity of the obtained precipitate. Ideally, the concentration of the precipitating reagent should be low with effective stirring to maintain low relative supersaturation for the growth of large crystals. In homogeneous precipitation, the precipitant is slowly generated by a chemical reaction in the solution to avoid local reagent excesses. For example, urea decomposes gradually to...
420
Effects of Temperature on Free Energy02:11

Effects of Temperature on Free Energy

25.0K
The spontaneity of a process depends upon the temperature of the system. Phase transitions, for example, will proceed spontaneously in one direction or the other depending upon the temperature of the substance in question. Likewise, some chemical reactions can also exhibit temperature-dependent spontaneities. To illustrate this concept, the equation relating free energy change to the enthalpy and entropy changes for the process is considered:
25.0K
Factors Affecting Body Temperature01:28

Factors Affecting Body Temperature

3.8K
As a nurse, it is vital to understand the factors affecting body temperature to monitor variations and effectively evaluate deviations from regular.
Factors may  include:
3.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Towards annual updating of forced warming to date and constrained climate projections.

Nature communications·2025
Same author

Constraining the entire Earth system projections for more reliable climate change adaptation planning.

Science advances·2025
Same author

Human driven climate change increased the likelihood of the 2023 record area burned in Canada.

NPJ climate and atmospheric science·2024
Same author

Geological Net Zero and the need for disaggregated accounting for carbon sinks.

Nature·2024
Same author

Warming proportional to cumulative carbon emissions not explained by heat and carbon sharing mixing processes.

Nature communications·2023
Same author

Observationally-constrained projections of an ice-free Arctic even under a low emission scenario.

Nature communications·2023
Same journal

A fixed methane filter maximizes freshwater emissions under warming.

Nature climate change·2026
Same journal

Wind-triggered Antarctic sea-ice decline preconditioned by thinning Winter Water.

Nature climate change·2026
Same journal

Mapping tipping risks from Antarctic ice basins under global warming.

Nature climate change·2026
Same journal

Overlooked toll of climate change on migrant children in the Americas.

Nature climate change·2026
Same journal

Peak glacier extinction in the mid-twenty-first century.

Nature climate change·2026
Same journal

Impacts of climate change-related human migration on infectious diseases.

Nature climate change·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 5, 2025

Using Generative Art to Convey Past and Future Climate Transitions
06:10

Using Generative Art to Convey Past and Future Climate Transitions

Published on: March 31, 2023

877

Accounting for Pacific climate variability increases projected global warming.

Yongxiao Liang1,2, Nathan P Gillett2, Adam H Monahan1

  • 1School of Earth and Ocean Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia Canada.

Nature Climate Change
|December 16, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Global warming projections are more uncertain than previously thought. New methods suggest warming is likely to exceed 2°C even under low emissions, making climate change mitigation more challenging.

Keywords:
Climate and Earth system modellingProjection and prediction

More Related Videos

Simulating Temperature in a Soil Incubation Experiment
08:39

Simulating Temperature in a Soil Incubation Experiment

Published on: October 28, 2022

2.8K
Investigating the Relationship between Sea Surface Chlorophyll and Major Features of the South China Sea with Satellite Information
10:28

Investigating the Relationship between Sea Surface Chlorophyll and Major Features of the South China Sea with Satellite Information

Published on: June 13, 2020

5.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 5, 2025

Using Generative Art to Convey Past and Future Climate Transitions
06:10

Using Generative Art to Convey Past and Future Climate Transitions

Published on: March 31, 2023

877
Simulating Temperature in a Soil Incubation Experiment
08:39

Simulating Temperature in a Soil Incubation Experiment

Published on: October 28, 2022

2.8K
Investigating the Relationship between Sea Surface Chlorophyll and Major Features of the South China Sea with Satellite Information
10:28

Investigating the Relationship between Sea Surface Chlorophyll and Major Features of the South China Sea with Satellite Information

Published on: June 13, 2020

5.8K

Area of Science:

  • Climate science
  • Climate modeling
  • Global warming

Background:

  • Observational constraints aim to reduce uncertainties in climate model projections.
  • Internal climate variability, particularly the "pattern effect" in the eastern tropical Pacific, has historically weakened the observed global warming trend.
  • This variability has led to underestimations of recent warming trends.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To refine projections of future global warming by addressing the influence of internal climate variability.
  • To re-evaluate the likelihood of exceeding critical warming thresholds, such as 2°C, under different emissions scenarios.
  • To improve the accuracy of climate change predictions for better adaptation planning.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized observational constraint methods linking past global warming trends to climate model projections.
  • Developed a novel approach by regressing out internal climate variability from the eastern tropical Pacific before applying observational constraints.
  • Applied the observed global mean warming trend as a constraint to refine future warming ranges.

Main Results:

  • The refined method produced higher and narrower twenty-first-century warming ranges compared to previous approaches.
  • Under a low-emissions scenario, global warming is now projected to likely exceed 2°C, contrary to previous assessments by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.
  • Limiting global warming to well below 2°C presents a greater challenge than anticipated.

Conclusions:

  • Internal climate variability significantly impacts the reliability of observational constraints on climate models.
  • Future global warming may be more severe than previously estimated, necessitating more ambitious mitigation efforts.
  • Reduced uncertainty in refined projections can aid in more effective climate change adaptation strategies.