Technologies and Sensors for Artificial Muscles in Rehabilitation

Muscles are very important parts of the human body. When there is an injury to a muscle that causes long-term dysfunctionality, sensors and artificial muscles can be used to help alleviate problems. Muscles have complex structures; thus, ultrasound and other types of scans may be needed to determine their parameters and model their shapes. Additionally, the measurement of chemicals in muscles plays a significant role in analyzing their performance and potential diseases in humans. All the above-mentioned components are needed for understanding the structure and function of muscles. The areas studied in this review include artificial muscles and exoskeletons, determining muscle parameters and modelling, assessing musculoskeletal functions, chemicals in muscles, and various applications, including those of wearable sensors. In future studies, we would like to understand the link between the brain and muscles and develop technologies that can assist in augmenting the motor skills of individuals affected by various debilitating conditions.