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Plant Endophytic Fungi: Powerful Catalytic Cells for Biotransformation of Chemical Structures of Biologically Active
Kartika Dyah Palupi1, Listiana Oktavia1, Dewi Wulansari1
1Research Center for Pharmaceutical Ingredients and Traditional Medicine, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Bogor, Indonesia.
Abstract:
Fungal endophytes are recognized as an essential source of bioactive compounds. Besides producing a wide variety of compounds, fungal endophytes can also facilitate a biotransformation process. In this process, endophytes act as an enzyme source to catalyze chemical reactions and modify the structures of bioactive compounds. Biotransformation offers advantages over chemical synthesis, for instance, the allowance of eco-friendly reactions and regioselective as well as stereoselective synthesis that is often difficult to achieve using chemical synthesis. This review focuses on the utilization of endophytic fungi in the biotransformation process of bioactive compounds to improve their pharmacological, pharmacokinetic, or toxicological parameters. We also discuss the future perspectives and obstacles of using the endophytic fungi-based biotransformation process.
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