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Helicobacter pylori outer membrane vesicles and infected cell exosomes: new players in host immune modulation and

Xiuping Wang1, Jianjun Wang1, Lingxiang Mao1

  • 1Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First People's Hospital of Kunshan, Kunshan, Jiangsu, China.

Frontiers in Immunology
|December 27, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Helicobacter pylori outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) and exosomes modulate host immunity, aiding pathogen invasion and immune evasion. Understanding these interactions is key for targeting H. pylori-associated diseases.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) and exosomes are critical in host-pathogen interactions.
  • Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) utilizes these vesicles, but their precise role in modulating host immunity is not fully understood.
  • Investigating these mechanisms offers insights into infectious diseases and cancers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of H. pylori OMVs and exosomes in host immune response modulation.
  • To explore how these vesicles contribute to H. pylori pathogenesis, including invasion and immune evasion.
  • To discuss challenges and future therapeutic strategies targeting these vesicles.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on H. pylori, OMVs, exosomes, and host immune responses.
  • Analysis of mechanisms by which vesicles influence inflammation and immunosuppression.
  • Examination of vesicle-mediated pathogen invasion and immune defense evasion.

Main Results:

  • H. pylori OMVs and exosomes elicit both inflammatory and immunosuppressive responses.
  • These vesicles facilitate H. pylori invasion into host cells.
  • Vesicles contribute to immune evasion, promoting gastric and extra-gastric disease progression.

Conclusions:

  • H. pylori vesicles play a significant role in disease pathogenesis by manipulating host immunity.
  • Further research into these vesicular mechanisms is crucial for developing novel diagnostics and therapeutics.
  • OMVs and exosomes represent promising therapeutic targets for H. pylori-associated conditions.
Keywords:
Helicobacter pyloriexosomeimmunomodulationinflammationouter membrane vesicles

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