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Related Concept Videos

Allergic Reactions02:06

Allergic Reactions

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Overview
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Drugs Used in Upper Respiratory Disorders: Overview01:16

Drugs Used in Upper Respiratory Disorders: Overview

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Upper respiratory tract disorders, including viral infections and allergic rhinitis, cause significant discomfort and disrupt daily life. Managing these conditions involves a variety of drugs, such as antihistamines, intranasal steroids, decongestants, antitussives, expectorants, and mucolytics. Specific examples of drugs in each category are provided.
Antihistamines (e.g., Benadryl) block histamines from binding. Histamines are chemicals released during an allergic reaction in the body. As a...
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Allergic Drug Reactions01:27

Allergic Drug Reactions

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Allergic reactions related to drugs are hypersensitivity responses driven by the immune system and bear no connection to the drug's therapeutic action. While drugs in isolation do not trigger an immune response, they can interact with endogenous proteins to form antigens. These antigens stimulate lymphocytes to produce antibodies. IgE-type antibodies attach themselves to mast cells. Upon subsequent exposure to the same stimulus, the antigen-antibody interaction is initiated, unleashing...
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Asthma-I: Introduction01:29

Asthma-I: Introduction

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Asthma is a chronic respiratory ailment that requires careful management due to its varying symptoms and influencing factors. It is characterized by airway inflammation, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and reversible airflow obstruction, leading to symptoms like wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing. The symptom frequency and intensity may vary considerably over time. It is also linked to immune system responses to allergens and irritants, highlighting the complex...
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Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management01:20

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Asthma is a chronic pulmonary condition involving inflammation of the airways, hyper-reactivity, and reversible obstruction of the airways. This condition can significantly impact a person's quality of life, making breathing difficult and leading to distressing symptoms.
Asthma is classified as allergic and non-allergic. Allergens such as dust mites, pollen, and pet dander trigger allergic asthma, while factors like cold air, intense emotions, or exercise can induce non-allergic asthma.
224
Upper Respiratory Drugs: Decongestants01:27

Upper Respiratory Drugs: Decongestants

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Decongestants are a class of medications used primarily to alleviate nasal congestion, a common symptom resulting from allergies, colds, sinusitis, and other upper respiratory tract infections. These drugs work by activating α-adrenergic receptors, constricting small blood vessels in the nasal membranes. This action results in the opening of clogged nasal passages, thereby facilitating sinus drainage and relieving congestion.
Most decongestants are readily available over-the-counter in...
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Acupoint Catgut Embedding Therapy in Traditional Chinese Medicine for Managing Allergic Rhinitis
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Acupoint Catgut Embedding Therapy in Traditional Chinese Medicine for Managing Allergic Rhinitis

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Allergic rhinitis.

Lana Rosenfield1, Paul K Keith2, Jaclyn Quirt2

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. lanarosenfield@me.com.

Allergy, Asthma, and Clinical Immunology : Official Journal of the Canadian Society of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
|December 28, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Allergic rhinitis (AR) causes nasal symptoms and is linked to asthma. Management includes intranasal corticosteroids, antihistamines, and allergen immunotherapy for effective treatment.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Otolaryngology
  • Allergy and Clinical Immunology

Background:

  • Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a prevalent condition frequently co-occurring with asthma and conjunctivitis.
  • Key symptoms of AR include nasal congestion, itching, rhinorrhea, and sneezing.
  • Accurate diagnosis relies on comprehensive patient history, physical examination, and allergen sensitization assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of the pathophysiology of allergic rhinitis.
  • To outline diagnostic approaches for allergic rhinitis.
  • To detail appropriate management strategies for allergic rhinitis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review on allergic rhinitis pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment.
  • Synthesis of current clinical guidelines and research findings.
  • Focus on pharmacologic and immunomodulatory treatment options.

Main Results:

  • Intranasal corticosteroids and second-generation antihistamines are primary treatments for AR.
  • Allergen immunotherapy offers an effective immune-modulating approach.
  • AR management requires a multi-faceted strategy addressing symptoms and underlying mechanisms.

Conclusions:

  • Effective management of allergic rhinitis involves accurate diagnosis and tailored treatment plans.
  • Pharmacologic therapies and allergen immunotherapy are crucial components of AR care.
  • Understanding AR pathophysiology is key to optimizing patient outcomes and managing comorbidities.