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Current options in jaw and facial reconstructions.

Soung Min Kim1, Jong Ho Lee1

  • 1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.

Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
|January 1, 2025
PubMed
Summary

This study reviews oral and maxillofacial reconstruction techniques, offering guidelines for selecting the simplest flap for optimal form, function, and minimal donor site morbidity in jaw and facial defects.

Keywords:
Free flapGuidelines in jaw and facial reconstructionHead and neck cancerHealth and social welfareOral and maxillofacial reconstruction

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Area of Science:

  • Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
  • Reconstructive Surgery

Background:

  • Advances in oral and maxillofacial reconstruction offer diverse surgical approaches for jaw and facial defects.
  • Current flap selection relies heavily on surgeon experience rather than validated scientific evidence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize current reconstructive options for jaw and facial defects.
  • To provide updated guidelines for selecting the most appropriate surgical flap based on defect characteristics.
  • To emphasize achieving optimal form and function with minimal donor site morbidity.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on various reconstructive flaps (e.g., ladder, elevator, pie).
  • Analysis of risks, donor site morbidity, and long-term outcomes associated with different techniques.
  • Synthesis of information to develop evidence-based guidelines.

Main Results:

  • No single validated basis exists for choosing reconstruction flaps, leading to experience-based decisions.
  • Different flaps present varying risk profiles and donor site morbidity.
  • Optimal flap choice balances functional and aesthetic outcomes with surgical complexity and patient well-being.

Conclusions:

  • The simplest reconstructive option offering the best long-term form and function with the lowest donor morbidity should be prioritized.
  • Updated guidelines are needed to aid surgeons in selecting appropriate flaps for diverse jaw and facial defects.
  • Patient health and social welfare are paramount in reconstructive decision-making.