Cell-free DNA Levels in Herpes Zoster: A Cross-sectional Longitudinal Study

Area of Science:

• Virology
• Immunology
• Neurology

Background:

• Herpes zoster (shingles) and post-herpetic neuralgia (PHN) are significant health concerns.
• Understanding the underlying inflammatory and tissue damage dynamics is crucial for effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate serum cell-free DNA (cfDNA) fluctuations in patients with herpes zoster and PHN.
• To correlate cfDNA levels with disease status and progression.

Main Methods:

• A single-centre study involving 59 patients with herpes zoster or PHN and healthy controls.
• Serum cfDNA levels were measured via blood sample extraction.
• Combined cross-sectional and longitudinal assessments were performed.

Main Results:

• Elevated serum cfDNA levels were observed in patients with active herpes zoster.
• cfDNA levels remained elevated for at least 3 months post-treatment in herpes zoster patients.
• Patients who developed PHN did not exhibit elevated cfDNA; those who did not develop PHN showed increased levels.

Conclusions:

• Elevated cfDNA suggests a persistent subacute inflammatory state following herpes zoster infection.
• The absence of elevated cfDNA in PHN patients indicates it is likely a localized nerve response, not systemic inflammation.