Multiscale Understanding of Anion Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells: Mechanisms, Electrocatalysts, Polymers, and Cell...

Area of Science:

• Sustainable electrochemical technologies
• Energy conversion and storage

Background:

• Anion exchange membrane fuel cells (AEMFCs) present a promising alternative to proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs).
• AEMFCs offer advantages such as wider catalyst options, less corrosive environments, potentially lower costs, and longer operational life.
• Recent progress in non-platinum-group-metal catalysts, anion exchange membranes, and understanding mass transport has enhanced AEMFC competitiveness.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide a comprehensive review of recent literature on AEMFCs.
• To cover key areas including reaction mechanisms, catalyst and membrane advancements, and operating conditions.
• To propose future development perspectives for AEMFC technology.

Main Methods:

• Literature review and synthesis of recent research findings.
• Analysis of reaction mechanisms (hydrogen oxidation reaction and oxygen reduction reaction) in alkaline media.
• Evaluation of advancements in electrocatalyst synthesis, anion exchange membranes, and ionomers.

Main Results:

• Detailed insights into the mechanisms of HOR and ORR in alkaline environments.
• Overview of cutting-edge electrocatalysts and anion exchange membranes/ionomers, including synthesis and structure-property relationships.
• Discussion on the impact of fuel cell operating conditions, water management, and CO2 on AEMFC performance.

Conclusions:

• AEMFCs are a highly competitive sustainable technology with significant advantages over PEMFCs.
• Continued advancements in catalysts, membranes, and operational understanding are crucial for AEMFC commercialization.
• The review highlights key areas for future research and development to realize the full potential of AEMFCs.