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Factors Affecting Solubility

Factors Affecting Solubility

Compared with pure water, the solubility of an ionic compound is less in aqueous solutions containing a common ion (one also produced by dissolution of the ionic compound). This is an example of a phenomenon known as the common ion effect, which is a consequence of the law of mass action that may be explained using Le Chȃtelier’s principle. Consider the dissolution of silver iodide:

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Continuous-flow phosphate removal using Cry-Ca-COS Monolith: Insights from dynamic adsorption modeling.

Chanadda Phawachalotorn¹, Worawit Wongniramaikul², Satabodee Kaewnoo²

¹King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Prince of Chumphon Campus, Chumphon 86160, Thailand.

Water Research X

|January 15, 2025

Summary

Cry-Ca-COS monolith effectively removes phosphate from wastewater in continuous flow systems. This material shows high efficiency and reduces total suspended solids, offering a promising solution for water purification.

Keywords:

Calcined oyster shell Continuous flow adsorption Monolithic column Phosphate removal

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Published on: May 18, 2018

Area of Science:

Environmental Science
Materials Science
Chemical Engineering

Background:

Phosphate pollution is a significant environmental concern, necessitating efficient removal methods.
Adsorption is a key technology for water purification, but performance in continuous systems requires thorough evaluation.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the phosphate adsorption performance of a Cry-Ca-COS monolith in a column operation mode.
To elucidate the adsorption mechanism and identify optimal operating parameters for continuous phosphate removal.

Main Methods:

Characterization of Cry-Ca-COS before and after adsorption using XPS.
Column experiments to assess adsorption performance under varying conditions (column height, flow rate, initial concentration).
Analysis of adsorption data using five dynamic adsorption models (Adam-Bohart, Wolborska, Thomas, Yoon-Nelson, Yan).

Main Results:

Cry-Ca-COS exhibited consistent performance in both batch and continuous systems.
Phosphate adsorption mechanism involves surface microprecipitation and inner-sphere complexation.
Optimal conditions for adsorption include higher column height, lower flow rate, and higher initial phosphate concentration.
Achieved 99.16% phosphate removal and 63.07% TSS reduction in real wastewater.
Non-linear Yoon-Nelson model provided the best fit for adsorption data (R² = 0.9994).

Conclusions:

Cry-Ca-COS monolith is a highly effective adsorbent for continuous phosphate removal from wastewater.
The material's performance is robust, and its adsorption mechanism is well-defined.
Dynamic modeling confirms the suitability of non-linear approaches for predicting adsorption behavior.